Golf courses

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Remains of the Lubomia ramparts

The golensizi even Holasitzer , Holaschitzer , (Polish: Golęszycy , Gołęszycy , Golęszyce , Czech: Holasici ) were a westslawischer tribe in southeastern later Upper Silesia , now in southern Poland and north-eastern Czech Republic .

Mentions

The Golensizen was first mentioned in the Descriptio regionem et civitatorum of the Bavarian geographer, probably in the late 9th century as Golensizi with a total of 5 castles ( civitates ).

In 1155 the castle Hradec nad Moravicí / Grätz was named as Gradice Golenzicezke . In 1269 this castle is the center of a terra , d H. a little country from which the independent Duchy of Opava emerged in 1319 .

Geographical location

The distribution area of ​​the Golensizen is not easy to determine.
Only the castle Hradec nad Moravicí / Grätz is historically tangible , which was located at the crossing of an important trade route from Moravia to Poland over the river Opava / Oppa , and in the vicinity of which the new town of Opava / Troppau developed in the 12th century at the latest .
Not far from there is another Slavic castle from the same period in Holasovice ( Holasizi is the Czech variant of the Polish Golensizi ).

This area belongs to the Cieszyn Silesia , that is, the part of Upper Silesia , which today, as in the 13th century, does not belong to Poland , but to Moravia or Bohemia .
Therefore, the main focus in Czech national historiography is on this region, while Polish research is also looking for the Golensizen further north.

She assumes that the most important, because largest, castle was in Lubomia .
Another one is assigned in Chotěbuz , which was probably destroyed in the 9th century by the Moravian prince Svatopluk I (as well as one in Międzyświeć ) and was replaced by a new one on the Castle Hill ( Góra zamkowe ).

history

The area probably belonged to the Great Moravian Empire until 907 , then to the Bohemian Duchy of the Přemyslids (as a provincia Holasicensis  ?). From around 990 to the Polish Duchy of the Piasts . Since 1138 then to the newly founded Duchy of Silesia .

literature

  • L. Jisl: Slovanský kmen Holasiců ve světle archeologických nálezů . Časopis Slezského muzea, serie B 2, 1952, pp. 33-64.
  • Jerzy Szydłowski, Werner Pierzyna: Lubomia gród plemienny Golęszyców. Bytom 1970.
  • Idzi Panic: Śląsk Cieszyński w czasach prehistorycznych. Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie, 2009, ISBN 978-83-926929-2-8 .

Remarks

  1. ^ Text of the Descriptio
  2. ↑ Czech Radio: Čtyři velkomoravští panovníci (from November 30, 2006)