Samara Governorate
The Samara Governorate ( Russian Самарская губерния / Samarskaja gubernija ) was an administrative unit of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR . It lay immediately east of the Volga and bordered in the north on the Kazan Governorate , in the west on Simbirsk and Saratov (separated from it by the Volga), in the south on Astrakhan and in the east on Ufa , Orenburg and the Ural region . It had an area of 151,046.6 km². The capital was Samara . The governorate had seven counties :
- Bugulma
- Buguruslan
- Buzuluk
- Nikolayevsk (now Pugachev )
- Novousensk
- Samara
- Stavropol (today Togliatti ).
It existed from 1851 to 1928. In the south of the governorate was a main settlement area of the Volga Germans . This was separated from the governorate in 1918 and came to the newly founded Volga German Labor Commune (the later ASSR of the Volga Germans ).
statistics
In 1897 the governorate had 2,751,336 inhabitants (18 per 1 km²). They consisted of 1,895,558 Russians, 238,598 Mordvins , 224,336 Germans, 165,191 Tatars, 119,301 Ukrainians, 104,926 Bashkirs (including 47,684 Teptyars ) and 91,839 Chuvashes . According to the creed, 81% were Orthodox, 10.3% Islamic, 6.24% Protestant and 2.08% Catholic.
The main occupation of the residents was agriculture, cattle breeding and fishing. Of the total area, 48.55 were arable land, 31.6% were meadows and pastures, 7% were forests, and 12.9% were unland. The harvest in 1903 was: 987,581 tons of wheat, 889,344 tons of rye, 109,228 tons of oats, 37,956 tons of barley, 9133 tons of peas, 4,351 tons of buckwheat, 115,862 tons of potatoes. In addition, some sugar beet and tobacco (1903: 2.5 million kg) were grown. The livestock was in 1903: 960,000 horses, 1,080,000 horned cattle, 33,000 camels, 1,708,000 sheep, almost all of them coarse wool, 65,000 goats, 220,000 pigs. The industry was poorly developed. There were 113 factories with 8,386 workers, over half of them flour mills.
In 1926 there were 2,094,271 inhabitants on 105,531 km² (19 / km²).