Kazan Governorate

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Coat of arms of the governorate
Map from 1822 (Russian-French)

The Kazan Governorate ( Russian Казанская губерния / Kasanskaja gubernija ) was an administrative unit in the Russian Empire , on the central Volga . It bordered (clockwise from the north) with the governorates of Vyatka , Ufa , Samara , Simbirsk , and Nizhny Novgorod . In today's terms, it roughly encompassed today's Russian republics of Tatarstan , Chuvashia and Mari El .

It was founded in 1708 by Peter the Great as one of the original eight governorates and initially included the entire middle and lower Volga region. Already in 1713 it was divided by the founding of the Astrachen governorate , and areas were separated several times during the 18th century. It existed until 1920, when the predecessors of today's republics ( Tatar ASSR , Chuvash ASSR and ASSR of Mari ) were founded within the Soviet Union .

coat of arms

Description of coat of arms : In silver, a gold-crowned, gold-armored, red-winged black basilisk ( Zilant ) with a red tip of its tail ( Kazan's coat of arms ). The golden crown of the Kingdom of Kazan rests on the shield . The shield is entwined with two golden oak branches and tied with light blue ribbon.

Circles

The Kazan Governorate had an area of ​​63,716 km², the capital was Kazan . It was finally divided into twelve Ujesdy (circles):

statistics

The governorate had 2,170,665 inhabitants in 1897. Of these, 832,475 Russians, 675,419 Tatars , 502,042 Chuvash , 122,717 Cheremis , 22187 Mordvins and 9679 Votiaks .

Agriculture and horticulture were the main occupations of the population. The harvest in 1902 resulted in: 30,200 tons of wheat, 597,000 tons of rye, 346,300 tons of oats, 35,900 tons of barley and 129,200 tons of potatoes. In addition, flax and hemp were grown in large quantities. The cattle population amounted to around 506,000 horses, 443,500 horned cattle, 1,056,500 ordinary and 4,000 fine-wool sheep. The fishing was abundant and the forestry, which not least provided shipbuilding timber, was also important. There were 159 factories and industrial establishments with 8,787 workers and a production value of about 16 million rubles. In particular, grain milling, brandy distillery, distillation, tallow, stearin, soap and leather production were operated.

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