Yoshkar-Ola
city
Yoshkar-Ola
ошкар-Ола
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List of cities in Russia |
Yoshkar-Ola ( Russian and Mari Йошкар-Ола , Russia emphasis Йошкар-Ола ; to 1919 Zarjowokokschaisk / Царёвококшайск , 1919-1927 Krasnokokschaisk / Краснококшайск ) is the capital of the republic of Mari El in Russia with 248,782 inhabitants (14 October 2010).
The city is located on the Volga tributary, the Kleine Kokschaga (Malaja Kokschaga), and has universities and colleges, theaters, equipment manufacturing, semiconductor and machine industries .
history
Yoshkar-Ola was founded in 1584 as a military fortress after Russia conquered the Mari area. The original name of the settlement was "City of the Tsar on the Kokschaga" (Russian Царёв город на Кокшаге ). From this came the first name Yoshkar- Ola - Tsaryovokokshaisk .
At the beginning of the 18th century Yoshkar-Ola came to the Kazan Governorate . In 1897 there were five churches and a hospital in the village.
In 1919 the city was renamed Krasnokokschaisk ("Red City on the Kokshaga"), and since 1927 it has had the local name Yoshkar-Ola (in Mari "Red City").
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 1,658 |
1939 | 27,179 |
1959 | 88,744 |
1970 | 166.073 |
1979 | 201.371 |
1989 | 241,601 |
2002 | 256.719 |
2010 | 248,782 |
Note: census data
The city as namesake
The asteroid (2910) Yoshkar-Ola , discovered on October 11, 1980, was named after the city in 1984.
traffic
Long-distance transport
Yoshkar-Ola is on the " Vyatka " trunk road and is thus directly connected to the cities of Cheboksary (80 km) and Kirov (330 km). The night train "Марий-Эл" travels to Moscow ( Kazan station ) in around 15 hours every day . There is also an airfield north of the city.
Local transport
There are three types of public transport in the city. The first bus line opened on June 21, 1931. To date, the route network has been expanded to 13 lines with a total length of 249 km. For the most part, PAS buses run in the city . In a renovation program from 2001 to 2007, 200 new buses were purchased. In addition, 50 leased “Aurora” buses are in use. The city also has a trolleybus network with 12 lines and a length of 234 km. The first line went into operation on November 5, 1970. 85% of passenger transport within the city is handled by the trolleybus. A ride on both buses costs 10 rubles .
In addition to the bus, marshrutkas operate on 19 lines in the city. The fare is 23 rubles.
Further educational institutions
- Branch of the Moscow Open Social University
- Institute of State Service and Administration under the President of the Republic of Mari El
- State Technical University of the Republic of Mari El
- State University of the Republic of Mari El
- N. K. Krupskaya State Pedagogical Institute of the Republic of Mari El
Town twinning
Yoshkar-Ola lists the following twin cities :
- Szombathely , Hungary, since 1971
- Bourges , France, since 1990
- Princeton , United States, since 2003
Sports
In Yoshkar-Ola there are sports facilities for all kinds of sports. The most important are the two ice rinks, the athletics stadium "Druzhba" and a tennis stadium. There is also the “Spartak” sports complex with several sports fields and halls, two large indoor swimming pools where competitions are held, and a small one with three lanes that is used for water aerobics. Ice hockey and football in particular are played in the city, but athletics and figure skating also have many fans in the city. The football club "Spartak Yoshkar-Ola" plays in the fourth Russian league in the Privolschje zone and even won it in 1999. Other (primarily combat) sports are also actively practiced, including boxing , wrestling and judo .
Climate table
Yoshkar-Ola | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Yoshkar-Ola
Source: Roshydromet
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sons and daughters of the town
- Sinaida Woronina (1947–2001), gymnast and Olympic champion in 1968
- Rubin Abdullin (* 1950), pianist, organist and music teacher
- Tatjana Nikitina (* 1954), mediaevalist and ethnologist
- Alewtina Iwanowa (* 1975), long-distance runner
Web links
- City administration website (Russian)
- Yoshkar-Ola on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 9216