Green basswood
| Green basswood | ||||||||||||
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Green basswood |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Saperda octopunctata | ||||||||||||
| ( Scopoli , 1772) |
The Green Linde Bock , also eight Punk Tiger Pappelbock ( Saperda octopunctata ) is a beetle from the family of the longhorn beetle and the subfamily Lamiinae .
The generic name Saperda is derived from the ancient Greek σαπέρδες 'sapérdes' (for a type of salted fish). The species name octopunctata from Latin “ócto” for “eight” and “punctātus” for “dotted” names the eight black points on the two wing covers together. The German name Grüner Lindenbock refers to the color and the host plant of the animal. The genus Saperda is represented by eight species in Europe .
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| Fig. 1: side view | Fig. 2: from the front |
Characteristics of the beetle
The cylindrical beetle is thirteen to eighteen millimeters long. By Tomentierung it looks pale green to turquoise, the lack Tomentierung causes conspicuous black spots. The upper side is hairy, finely, protruding dark. The species can hardly be confused, at most with Saperda punctata .
The head is directed downwards perpendicular to the body axis. The oval eyes, which are seated on the sides, bulge so deeply towards the front in the upper half that they largely encompass the deflection point of the antennae. The eleven-segment antennae reach about body length.
The pronotum is almost cylindrical. At the front it is about as wide as the head, at the rear edge it is significantly narrower than the two elytra together. It has two or four black spots, one on the top in the back half of the side, and one usually smaller next to it on the sides of the pronotum.
The narrow wing-coverts narrow significantly towards the rear in the male, less so in the female. They end together rounded and hardly gape. On each wing cover there are four black spots in a row. In Saperda punctata, however, they are offset from one another. As a rule, their size only decreases slightly from front to back, but the points can also be significantly reduced, split into two parts or, in extreme cases, the last pair of the total of eight points disappear. Further spots can be simulated by violating the tomentation, especially in the shoulder area.
The legs are relatively short. The thighs are not thickened like a club. The front rails have a curved inner groove on the inside. The tarsi are apparently four-limbed, since the small fourth limb is hidden in the bulge of the third limb.
larva
The head and occiput of the legless larvae are longer than they are wide. The part of the head sunk into the prothorax is divided by a longitudinal septum. On the more chitinized tergites and sternites of the chest and abdomen there are characteristic structures that appear as dots at a small magnification. It is a hump-like to thorn-like thickening of the cuticle . In addition, the cuticle is furrowed. The chitinized part of the abdominal gite shows three longitudinal furrows, and two transverse furrows on each side of the central longitudinal furrow, which run towards the outer longitudinal furrows and thereby approach one another. The pronotum, on the other hand, has only two longitudinal furrows that are parallel to one another, flatten towards the front and enclose an approximately rectangular field. At the front edge of this field there is a rounded indentation next to the furrows. The rest of the field is relatively densely populated with circular humps. These become smaller and smaller towards the rear and take on thorn-shaped shapes; they are larger at the front edge of the pronotum and fall flat towards the front and steep towards the rear. The cusps on the ventral side of the prothorax are much larger than the cusps on the dorsal side of the meso- and metathorax. The density of the thorns on the abdominal gites is 8–13 per hundredth of a square millimeter below that of Saperda punctata
biology
The beetles develop in withered branches of linden trees. They take two to three years to develop. The adults appear from April to August. Other host plants are the exception.
The beetles can be found in parks and light forests on dry but still barked branches, on felled trunks and cordwood of the host plant, but also on their flowers and saplings.
Thicker trunks are preferred for laying eggs. The larva eats directly under the bark, gnawing at the same time as it grows bark and sapwood (surface corrosion). It moves on the border of already dried up and dying wood and thus drives the death of the host plant. To pupate, the larva gnaws its way about an inch deep into the sapwood, extends the passage a short distance parallel to the surface and then leads it back under the bark. Both ends of the deeper passage section are clogged with sawdust. The finished insect bores forward through the bark to the outside. The cradle of the Lindenbock has two openings, in contrast to the related species, which rotate in the cradle and leave it after hatching through the same hole through which it came. Pupation takes place in May, the adults appear at the end of May and in June.
distribution
The Green Lindenbock is a southern European-Pontic species. Within Central Europe, the species is most common in southeastern and southwestern Central Europe. The species is rare in central Central Europe. The species is absent in Northern Europe. The west-north border of the distribution area runs from Spain through France , the Benelux countries , Germany , Poland , Belarus , central Russia and southern Russia .
literature
- Heinz joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 9 . Cerambycidae Chrysomelidae . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-8274-0683-8 (first edition: Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1966).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Saperda octopunctata in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved August 21, 2012
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genera)
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
- ^ Saperda at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved August 21, 2012
- ↑ a b Herwig Teppner: On the knowledge of the Central European Saperdini magazine. of the Austrian Entomologists Working Group, 15th century No. 3, 1963 as PDF
- ↑ Klaus Koch : The beetles of Central Europe . Ed .: Heinz Freude . tape 3 : ecology . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1992, ISBN 3-87263-042-3 .
- ^ Adolf Horion : Faunistics of the Central European Beetles, Vol. XII . Überlingen-Bodensee 1974
