Granby wagon

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Granby wagon at the Rammelsberg ore mine.

A Granby wagon , also known as Grenby wagon , is a self- emptying conveyor wagon in which the conveyed goods fall sideways from the car body during the unloading process. This type of car is in mining underground as a special car for the promotion of salt, coal or ore used. Granby wagons are used in train groups that commute between loading and unloading points. This achieves higher conveying capacities than with normal trolleys.

Basics and history

The Granby Wagon was developed at the beginning of the 20th century by the Granby Mining and Consolidated Company from Washington State . The Granby mine , where the wagon was used for the first time in the first half of the 20th century, then gave its name to this mine wagon. This type of wagon was only able to establish itself very slowly in German mining. The first experience with the Granby wagon was made in the German mining industry at the Rammelsberg ore mine . Other possible uses with this type of car were also tried out here. The use of Granby wagons made it possible to save personnel in the mine in the field of extraction. In the 1960s, Granby wagons were used in four pits in the Saar district for main line mining. By using this type of wagon, the main line conveyance on these four pits could be significantly improved. From the second half of the 1960s, the Granby wagon gradually gained acceptance in German mining and tunneling for the extraction of ore and backfill.

Layout and function

2m³ Granby wagon

The Granby wagon consists of three separate assemblies, the wagon base, the car body and the side wall. The car body is connected to the car frame by hinges. The side wall is connected to the car body via joints and to the car chassis via movable levers. The arm-shaped levers are connected to the chassis at the end of the car so that the car's loading recess can be opened laterally. So that the lever can return to its original position, a steel spring is attached to it, which pulls the lever back when the car body moves downwards. On the side of the car body, a so-called roller is mounted, over which the car body can be lifted. If the car body is raised by means of the roller, the movable side wall is simultaneously opened to the side by means of the lever. If the roller is lowered again, the car body closes again.

Loading and unloading

The loading of the Granby wagon is done from above, just like with other trams. The Granby wagon is unloaded either using a tipping cylinder or a tipping ramp. Since unloading using a tipping ramp, also known as a tipping platform or unloading platform, the wagon is emptied while driving, this method has largely established itself. The ascending part of the tipping ramp has an incline of 15 to 30 degrees, the descending part a slope of 60 to 30 degrees. In the area of ​​the tipping point, the carriage is guided with the roller over the tipping ramp installed there. Depending on the incline of the unloading platform, the wagons can be pulled over the unloading platform at a speed of one to 1.5 meters per second. The run-up roller is now guided further upwards and thereby lifts the car body, which is thereby brought into the tilted position. The maximum tilt angle of the Granby wagon is 48 degrees. Since the side wall is opened during this process, the product can slip out to the side. After the car has been pulled over the highest point of the tipping ramp, the car body gradually lowers as it descends from the ramp. At the same time, the side wall also closes continuously as the car body is lowered. The tilting roller is held on the ramp by the restoring moment of the car body.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of this type of wagon over normal trolleys result from the elimination of uncoupling and luffing . Due to the elimination of these two activities, the Granby wagon can achieve higher circulation figures. In addition, with this type of wagon, very high hourly tipping capacities per tipping point can be achieved. When using Granby wagons, less shift work is required in the promotion. This is because the emptying takes place automatically and no additional effort is required. The disadvantage is that the carriages require more maintenance and repair work due to the separate assemblies. In addition, an additional energy input is required for the discharge process. Another disadvantage is the higher dead load and a reduced loading volume compared to a normal trolley with the same external dimensions.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse Bochum: The small mining dictionary . 7th edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7 .
  2. ^ A b BW Boki, Gregor Panschin: Bergbaukunde. Kulturfond der DDR (Ed.), Verlag Technik Berlin, Berlin 1952, pp. 514–515.
  3. ^ A b c d Carl Hellmut Fritzsche: Textbook of mining science. First volume, 10th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1961, p. 464, 495–497.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j Ernst-Ulrich Reuther: Textbook of mining science. First volume, 12th edition, VGE Verlag GmbH, Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-86797-076-1 , pp. 545-546.
  5. a b c d e f g h i F. Mechtold: Lifting and conveying systems; Basics - types - applications . 5th completely revised and greatly expanded edition, Springer Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Berlin 1969, pp. 260-262.
  6. ^ A b Förderverein Weltkulturerbe Rammelsberg Goslar / Harz eV (Hrsg.): Ore processing Rammelsberg . Development-company comparison, printing paper planes Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2012, pp. 120–122.
  7. a b c European Community for Coal and Steel High Authority (Ed.): Modernization and rationalization in Saar mining and in the Lorraine district . Edited volume of the reports submitted on the occasion of the 15th meeting of the International Technical Committee for Mining Technology, 1966, p. 85.

See also