Graustirnbülbül
| Graustirnbülbül | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pycnonotus cinereifrons | ||||||||||||
| ( Tweeddale , 1878) |
The Graustirnbülbül ( Pycnonotus cinereifrons ) is a real Bülbül from the Bülbüls family . It is widespread in tropical Asia from Assam , India to Southeast Asia and southwest China .
The stock situation of the Graustirnbülbül is indicated with 
(= least concern - not endangered).
features
The gray-fronted bulb reaches a body length between 19 and 21 centimeters. They weigh between 25 and 28 grams. There is no noticeable gender dimorphism .
The Graustirnbülbül has a rather black head with a gray parting that overhangs like a " Mecki hairstyle " when erect . Its greenish upper side and a light greenish underside have a beautiful color gradient.
Its thick beak resembles that of a finch and is yellowish to yellow. The gradient on the head becomes lighter towards the back of the head. The throat is dark gray to black. Like the back, the tail is greenish in color with black feathers, the rump is colored accordingly.
There is no sexual dimorphism . The males and females are colored the same, only the young birds are more dull.
habitat
The Graustirnbülbül lives in forests with dense undergrowth of bushes and shrubs and occurs in agricultural areas. It also opens up urban space and occurs in parks and gardens, especially where areas of grass are mowed. It is believed that he is specifically on the lookout for flying insects, which are startled when mowing.
It is one of the few birds that benefits from the slash and burn farming of the semi-nomadic tribes in its range. The advantage is that it can also cope with occasionally low trees that break through dense undergrowth. Occasionally, he drops conspicuously on the floor. As is often the case with sparrow-sized birds, its threats in human proximity are more like cats and electrical cables on poles.
Way of life
Graustirnbülbüls feed on fruits such as wild figs , berries, nectar and insects, which they sometimes catch in the air like the flycatcher . Your flight is powerful and straightforward. When they sit, they spread their tails.
In their groups or swarms of up to 100 birds and when they hop around in the trees and bushes or fly from one jungle to the next, they chirp all the time. When there are young birds in the nest, a human whistle triggers the youngsters' reaction.
Reproduction
The breeding season varies with the area of distribution and is usually from March to July. Males and females build the nest together. The nest is always built from the tendrils of the spiral climbing plants with the addition of a few small branches. It lies low above the ground in a tangle of bushes or brambles.
The clutch usually consists of 2 to 3 eggs and only in exceptional cases of 4 eggs. The nestlings hatch after an incubation period of 13 days. Since the brood is picked up when the first egg is deposited, the nestlings hatch asynchronously. At the beginning they are mainly fed animal food by the parent birds. They fledge after about two weeks.
literature
- W. Grummt , H. Strehlow (Ed.): Zoo animal keeping birds. Verlag Harri Deutsch, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-8171-1636-2 .
- Theo Pagel , Bernd Marcordes: Exotic soft-eaters . Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5192-9 .
- Pocket Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent (1999) and multiple reprints. Richard Grimmett, Carol Inskipp and Tim Inskipp, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
Web links
- Pycnonotus cinereifrons inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015.4. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
- Species Version 2 «IOC World Bird