Neuberg style
The Neubergic style is an architectural style from the beginning of the 20th century that was widespread in the Bergisches Land and surrounding regions. It was created as a result of a return to the Bergisch building tradition , against the background of a homeland security architecture supported by the legislature in the Kingdom of Prussia .
Historical orientation
The rural farmhouse type, which also appeared in a reduced form in the localities, was decisive for the rather simple forms of this architectural style. Typical Bergisch buildings such as the Schleifkotten , Hammerkotten or the Bleicherhaus were also used. Most noticeable, however, was the orientation towards the so-called patrician houses, with a formal language from the Baroque and Rococo .
Typical characteristics
As in the older Bergisch building tradition, the color palette is limited to the colors green, white and black / slate gray, the so-called Bergisch triad . Slate is used extensively, but mostly as wall cladding on higher floors or for the typical mansard roofs . The window frames are usually formed with strong white walls, the entrance often consists of a door with an ornamental skylight (often with a vase motif or tree of life). It is not uncommon to see a conspicuous dwelling in the roof structure. The patrician houses of the 18th and early 19th centuries inspired looped gable lines and simple decorations.
Multi-storey residential buildings
In the Bergisch towns, with the exception of the Rhenish parts of the former Duchy of Berg , the slate-studded 2½ to 3½-storey houses from the period 1750 to 1850 with late baroque , rococo ( Bergisch Barock ) and empire stylistic features significantly shaped the townscape . This bourgeois type in particular was suggested and propagated as a model by monument conservator Paul Clemen to the Bergisches Geschichtsverein in 1903 , as it seemed more suitable for modern needs. This type was only possible in the new development areas on the outskirts. In the center of the village, houses with 4½ to 5½ storeys were actually being built.
gastronomy
In the heyday of the Neo-Berg style and in the decades that followed, “Bergische Stuben” were set up in which traditional furniture was collected and exhibited.
Large buildings
Otto Schell and Friedrich Wilhelm Bredt were among the advocates of Bergisch architecture in factory buildings . Since the municipalities had to adhere strictly to the Prussian homeland security guidelines, other larger buildings were also built in this style. The former municipal hospitals in Barmen (today: Helios University Hospital Wuppertal ) are still one of the largest building complexes in the Neo-Berg style.
See also
literature
- R. Schmidt-de Bruyn: The Bergisches patrician house until 1800. Cologne 1983
- J. de Jonge: Description of the Bergisches Bürgerhaus. In: Bergische Bauweise, published by the Committee for the Promotion of Bergische Bauweise, page 6
- Florian Speer : Heimatschutz style. Notes on a stylistic phenomenon in turn-of-the-century architecture. Term paper for the seminar "Art in the Wupper Region". 1994/95
- Hella Nussbaum: The renaissance of the Bergische Bauweise , In: Hermann J. Mahlberg, Hella Nussbaum (Hg.): The departure around 1900 and the modern in the architecture of the Wuppertal. Evening glow of an era. Wuppertal 2008, pp. 261-275, ISBN 978-3-928766-87-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Decree of the Prussian Ministers for Public Works and the Interior of January 10, 1908, on zlb.de ( Memento of November 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on November 5, 2017
- ^ Article by the Viersen Monument Office at www.viersen.de , accessed on November 5, 2017