Large bark sac spider
| Large bark sac spider | ||||||||||||
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Large bark sac spider ( Clubiona corticalis ), female |
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| Clubiona corticalis | ||||||||||||
| ( Walckenaer , 1802) |
The great bark sac spider ( Clubiona corticalis ) is a species of spider from the family of sac spiders . The species is widespread in Central Europe, but not common. The large bark sack spider should not be confused with the almost identical family of bark sack spiders (Corinnidae), to whose species it is not closely related.
features
The large bark sac spider is one of the large species of the genus. Males have a body length of 7 to 10 mm, females reach 7–11 mm. The species is drawn relatively conspicuously compared to most of the other Central European representatives of the genus. The front body ( prosoma ) is solid red-brown or beige-brown, the chelicerae are clearly darker blackish brown.
The back of the body ( opisthosoma ) has a gray basic color, on top there is a wide, whitish beige field into which a dark pointed spot protrudes from the front. Like the prosoma, the legs are solid red-brown or beige-brown.
In Central Europe there are several very similar species of the genus; the reliable determination of the species is therefore only possible through a macroscopic examination of the genital organs (genital morphological).
distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the large bark sac spider is essentially limited to southwestern Europe from Great Britain to the Caucasus ; the species has also been identified in Tunisia . In north-south direction, the distribution extends from Scandinavia to Greece ; the north-eastern limit of distribution runs through Poland and Ukraine . The species is also absent in Europe in Iceland and Ireland . The distribution area includes the temperate to Mediterranean zone.
The large bark sac spider lives in moderately dry to dry deciduous and coniferous forests in Central Europe.
Way of life
Sexually mature animals can be found from April to July. During the day, the large bark sack spider is mostly found in web sacks under the bark of dead trees, and more rarely under stones. The females lay their egg cocoons there in early summer, guard it until the young spiders hatch and probably die shortly afterwards. The young spiders usually overwinter to sexual maturity before the last molt.
Danger
The great bark sac spider is restricted to the lowlands in Germany and is regularly found there, but is nowhere common. In Germany it is classified as "safe" in the Red List .
literature
- Heiko Bellmann: Cosmos Atlas Arachnids of Europe . 3rd edition, 2006. Kosmos, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1
- Ralph Platen, Bodo von Broen, Andreas Herrmann, Ulrich M. Ratschker, Peter Sacher: Total species list and red list of the spiders, harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of the state of Brandenburg (Arachnida. Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones) with information on frequency and ecology. In: Nature conservation and landscape maintenance in Brandenburg. N and L. Vol. 8, Issue 2 (supplement), 1999, ISSN 0942-9328 , pp. 1-79.
Web links
Large bark sac spider in the World Spider Catalog
- W. Nentwig, A. Hänggi, C. Kropf & T. Blick (eds.): Spinnen Mitteleuropas - identification key, genus Clubiona. on-line