Great stone graves near Lonvitz
| Great stone graves near Lonvitz | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 The large stone grave Lonvitz 1 |
|||
|
|||
| Coordinates | 54 ° 21 '30.5 " N , 13 ° 30' 16.8" E | ||
| place | Putbus , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 490-491 | ||
The megalithic graves near Lonvitz are two grave complexes of the Neolithic funnel cup culture in the area of Lonvitz, a district of the Putbus community in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). A third grave was destroyed in the 19th century. The two preserved structures bear the Sprockhoff numbers 490 and 491. All three graves are large dolmen .
location
Grave 1 is located 800 m south-south-west of Lonvitz directly in a curve on the railway line between Putbus and Lauterbach . Grave 2 is located 970 m north-northeast of this directly on the northeastern edge of the village, where the two roads to Posewald and Vilmnitz fork. There are several other large stone graves in the vicinity. The large stone grave Posewald is located 2 km northeast of grave 2 ; 2.5 km to the northeast are the megalithic graves near Seelvitz and 2.5 km to the east are the megalithic graves near Nadelitz . There are also several burial mounds near Lauterbach and Putbus .
Research history
The systems are already listed on the detailed register cards of the area around Lancken-Granitz, which were made between 1692 and 1709 in the course of the Swedish land survey of Western Pomerania . The graves were first described in 1829 by Friedrich von Hagenow , who was able to identify three more complexes in Lonvitz. His research was published in 1904 by Rudolf Baier . The first detailed documentation was carried out by Ernst Sprockhoff , who measured the two remaining graves in 1931 and published them in his Atlas of Germany's Megalithic Tombs .
description
Preserved graves
Grave 1
A pile of mounds can no longer be detected at grave 1. The burial chamber is oriented northeast-southwest and is partially well preserved. However, the north-eastern end was destroyed during the construction of the railway line. The chamber has a width of 2.20 m and a height of 0.80 m. Four wall stones have been preserved on the north-western long side. The northeastern one is inclined towards the interior of the chamber, the other three are still in situ . There are still three wall stones on the south-eastern long side. The north-eastern and central one are inclined outwards, while the third is still in situ, as is the south-western capstone. Three capstones are still preserved, two of which, however, fell into the interior of the chamber. The most south-westerly, however, is still in its original position. With a length of 3.10 m, a width of 1.80 m and a thickness of 1.10 m, it is the largest of the three cap stones. The three cap stones and one wall stone have several bowls .
Grave 2
Grave 2 has a trapezoidal, north-south oriented barren bed with a length of about 28 m and a width of 8 m in the south and 6 m in the north. The mound still reaches a height of 2 m today. Of the enclosure, 13 stones have been preserved on the eastern and five on the western long side and one on the southern narrow side. At the southern end is the burial chamber. It is oriented northwest-southeast and is thus set at an angle to the bed of the giant hills. It has a length of 3.50 m and a width of 1.80 m. The stones are still very deep in the ground. There are still three wall stones in situ on the north-eastern long side. On the southwest long side there are two wall stones in situ, the middle one is missing. The north-western end stone is still in its original position, but the south-eastern one has overturned inside the chamber. The northwest capstone is approximately in situ. The second capstone lies a bit to the south-east of the megalithic bed. It has a length of 3.00 m, a width of 2.70 m and a thickness of 1.40 m. It has at least five bowls on its top. Sprockhoff could not find gangestones during his examination, but he suspected them to be at the southwest end of the burial chamber.
The destroyed grave 3
Grave 3 had a grave chamber of the Großdolmen type, which was encased by a rolling stone mound.
The graves near Lonvitz in regional sagas
There are several legends about grave 2, also known as “Fleederbarg” (Fliederberg): Treasures are said to be hidden under the hill, but despite many alleged attempts they could never be excavated. Only once is a shepherd boy said to have found a bag with some money when he tore out a cabbage bush with the root. According to another legend, a knife, a fork and a light are buried under the hill. A third legend tells of a coachman who drove past the large stone grave at midnight and discovered dwarfs jumping around with lights and frightening people passing by. Finally, there is a story of a woman dressed in black who appears at the grave on dark nights.
See also
literature
- Rudolf Baier (Ed.): Prehistoric graves on Rügen and in New Western Pomerania. Friedrich von Hagenow's notes from the papers he left behind. Abel, Greifswald 1904, p. 14.
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991.
- Friedrich von Hagenow : Special chart of the island of Rügen. Designed according to the latest measurements using all existing land maps. Lithographic Institute of the General Staff, Berlin 1829.
- Walter Hansen: On the spread of the giant stone graves in Northern Germany. In: Mannus . Volume 25, 1933, p. 351.
- Ingeburg Nilius : The Neolithic in Mecklenburg at the time and with special consideration of the funnel beaker culture. Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Schwerin 1971.
- Walter Petzsch: Rügen's barrows and the oldest cultures on the island. 3rd edition, Bergen 1938.
- Ingrid Schmidt: megalithic grave and sacrificial stone. Soil monuments on the island of Rügen. 2nd edition, Hinstorff, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-00917-0 , p. 25.
- Ewald Schuldt : Stone Age grave monuments on the island of Rügen. Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Schwerin 1971.
- Ewald Schuldt: The Mecklenburg megalithic graves. Research on their architecture and function. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1972.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : The Nordic Megalithic Culture (= manual of the prehistory of Germany. Volume 3). De Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1938, p. 30.
- Ernst Sprockhoff: Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1967, p. 69.
Web links
- grosssteingraeber.de: Lonvitz 1 , Lonvitz 2
- strahlen.org: Lonvitz 1 , Lonvitz 2
- The Megalithic Portal: Lonvitz Steingrab 1 , Lonvitz Steingrab 2
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Ernst Sprockhoff: Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. P. 69.
- ^ The Megalithic Portal: Lonvitz Steingrab 2
- ↑ GeoGREIF Geographical Collections - register cards of the land registry of Swedish Pomerania 1692-1709, signature AV 1
- ↑ GeoGREIF Geographical Collections - Register cards of the land registry of Swedish Pomerania 1692-1709, signature BIX 34
- ↑ a b Rudolf Baier (Ed.): Prehistoric graves on Rügen and in New Western Pomerania. Friedrich von Hagenow's notes from the papers he left behind. P. 14.
- ↑ Ewald Schuldt: Stone Age grave monuments on the island of Rügen. (Without page counting).
- ↑ Ingrid Schmidt: Hünengrab and sacrificial stone. Soil monuments on the island of Rügen. P. 25.