Large stone graves near Nadelitz

Large stone graves near Nadelitz
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Coordinates	54 ° 21 '26.4 " N , 13 ° 33' 49.3" E Coordinates: 54 ° 21 '26.4 " N , 13 ° 33' 49.3" E
place	Putbus , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany
Emergence	3500 to 2800 BC Chr.
Sprockhoff no.	495-499

Large dolmen types

The megalithic graves near Nadelitz were 16 graves of the Neolithic funnel cup culture in the vicinity of Nadelitz, a district of the Putbus municipality in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ), of which only eight still exist today. At least 13 graves are or were large dolmen ; the type of three graves cannot be determined. Five graves bear the Sprockhoff numbers 495–499. In 1970 two graves were excavated under the direction of Ewald Schuldt .

location

Graves 1 and 2 are located on the southern outskirts of Nadelitz and are 110 m apart. Nearby is Grave 7 on the site of a former kindergarten. Graves 3–5 are located about 1 km east of Nadelitz in a field. Grave 4 is the middle one. Grave 5 is 85 m east of this, grave 3 80 m west. Grave 6 is 500 m northwest of graves 3–5 north of L 29 and grave 8 200 m south of them. To the south and west of the large stone graves of Nadelitz lie several burial mounds . There are several other large stone graves in the vicinity. 1 km north of grave 6 are the large stone graves near Seelvitz and the large stone grave Posewald , 2.5 km east of graves 3–5 the large stone grave Dummertevitz and 2.5 km west of graves 1 and 2 the large stone graves near Lonvitz .

Research history

The systems are not yet recorded on the detailed register cards of the area around Lancken-Granitz, which were made between 1692 and 1709 in the course of the Swedish land survey of Western Pomerania . The first description of the graves was made in 1829 by Friedrich von Hagenow , who was able to find 16 sites in Lancken-Granitz. His research was published in 1904 by Rudolf Baier . The first detailed documentation was carried out by Ernst Sprockhoff , who measured five remaining graves in 1931 and published them in his Atlas of Megalithic Tombs of Germany . In 1970 Ewald Schuldt found eight surviving graves. Two of these facilities were excavated between June and September 1970 under his direction.

The graves were named and numbered differently by different authors. In the following, the system will be adopted by Schuldt.

Sprockhoff	Owed	Beier
Nadelitz 1 (499)	Nadelitz 5	Nadelitz 5
Nadelitz 2 (498)	Nadelitz 4	Nadelitz 4
Nadelitz 3 (497)	Nadelitz 3	Nadelitz 3
Nadelitz 4 (496)	Nadelitz 2	Nadelitz 2
Nadelitz 5 (495)	Nadelitz 1	Nadelitz 1
-	Nadelitz 6	Nadelitz 6
-	Nadelitz 7	Nadelitz 7
-	Nadelitz 8	Nadelitz 8
-	Nadelitz 9	Nadelitz 9
-	Nadelitz 10	Nadelitz 10
-	Nadelitz 11	Nadelitz 11
-	Nadelitz 12	Nadelitz 12
-	Nadelitz 13	Nadelitz 13
-	Nadelitz 14	Nadelitz 14
-	Nadelitz 15	Nadelitz 15
-	Nadelitz 16	Nadelitz 16

description

Preserved graves

Grave 1

Grave 1 has an east-west oriented trapezoidal barn bed with an original length of 24 m and a width of 8.50 m in the east and 6 m in the west. The stone enclosure is only preserved on the southern long and the eastern narrow side. The western and northern sides were destroyed by the construction of a road. The mound still reaches a height of 2 m. The burial chamber stands at the eastern end of the megalithic bed and is oriented north-south. It was addressed by Sprockhoff as an extended dolmen , but by Schuldt as a large dolmen . Sprockhoff estimated their length to be 2.50 m and their width to be 2 m. He found that there were two wall stones in situ on the western long side and one on the eastern long side. The northern capstone had overturned outwards, the southern one was missing. Two cap stones are present, but slipped inside the chamber.

Grave 2

The mound bed of grave 2 is oriented northeast-southwest. Its length is 17 m and width 9 m. There is no stone enclosure. At the northeast end is the burial chamber, of which only a 2.50 m long and 1.80 wide stone can be identified as a capstone. Three other stones could be wall stones. Sprockhoff did not assign this grave to a type due to its poor condition, but Schuldt classified it as a large dolmen.

Grave 3

Grave 3 is a flat hill with a diameter of 12 m. It is covered with numerous stones, but most of them are probably reading stones. No statement can be made about the burial chamber.

Grave 4

The system has a flat, round mound with a diameter of 7 m and a height of 1 m. The burial chamber set deep in the hill was originally referred to by Sprockhoff as an extended dolmen, but after a detailed investigation by Schuldt as a large dolmen. The chamber is oriented north-south; their length is 3.5 m, their width 2.0 m and their height 1.5 m. It has three wall stones on the eastern long side and two on the western side. There is a single capstone on the northern long side. All wall stones are still in situ . On the south side there is a narrow end plate made of red sandstone in the west and a 0.5 m long threshold stone in the east, which marked the transition between the corridor and the chamber. The corridor has not been preserved, but some small red sandstone slabs were found, which probably come from the masonry of the porch . Of the original three capstones, only the southern one has survived; however, its western half has sunk inside the chamber. The chamber was found cleared by Schuldt. Only a few ceramic shards and a cross-edged arrowhead could be recovered.

Grave 5

Grave 5 has an east-west oriented, trapezoidal barn bed. It is 35 m long and 11 m wide in the west and 7.5 m in the east. The maximum height is 3.5 m. The stone enclosure is still largely completely preserved 34 stones (14 missing), some stones have tipped over and the southwest of the once four guard stones blown up. The mound consists of sandy soil interspersed with numerous pebbles.

The burial chamber is near the west end of the megalithic bed. During the excavation by Schuldt, a mud jacket was found that enclosed the chamber up to the cap stones. The chamber is oriented north-south. It has a length of about 4.0 m, a width of 2.0 m and a height of 1.4 m. In the south there is access in the form of a coaxial vestibule. It has a length of 1.1 m, a width of 0.8 m and a height of 1.0 m. The corridor consists of two pairs of wall stones and is bounded inside and outside by threshold stones . On the outside, the corridor was closed by several red sandstone slabs placed diagonally on top of each other.

The chamber has three pairs of wall stones on the long sides, a terminal stone on the northern narrow side and a smaller half stone on the western half of the south side between the corridor and the western long side. The spaces between the wall stones and between the gangway stones and the wall stones of the chamber are filled with red sandstone slabs set in clay. All three capstones are present and were found in situ by Schuldt .

Schuldt found the chamber filled to the ceiling. On top was a layer of sandy soil that contained a layer of pebbles. Even though individual finds have already occurred here, the majority of the finds followed only in the next layer of dark sand, which was occasionally interspersed with red sandstone slabs and pebbles. The chamber plaster followed underneath. This consisted of clay screed that had turned red in several places due to firing .

The type of additions indicates a multi-phase use of the system. The original funnel-shaped grave inventory included numerous decorated and undecorated ceramic vessels (bowls, bowls, amphorae , double-conical vessels, funnel-shaped vessels), flint tools (scrapers, blades, cross-edged arrowheads, hatchets) and amber beads (mostly double-axed). Other additions indicate a subsequent use in the late Neolithic. These include leaf-shaped daggers and flat, retouched arrowheads with a strongly recessed base.

Grave 6

This system has not yet been examined in more detail. On the north side three stones can be seen, which could perhaps belong to a barn bed.

Grave 7

From this possible large stone grave only a flat plate with a length of 1.90 m and a width of 0.90 m remains.

Grave 8

Grave 8 has not yet been examined either. Statements on the appearance of the facility are not yet possible, as no stones are visible above ground.

Destroyed graves

Grave 9

Grave 9 had a burial chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 10

Grave 10 had a burial chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 11

Grave 11 had a grave chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 12

Grave 12 had a burial chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 13

Grave 13 had a grave chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 14

Grave 14 had a burial chamber of the Großdolmen type, which lay in a trapezoidal barn bed.

Grave 15

Grave 3 had a grave chamber of the Großdolmen type, which was enclosed by a round mound with a circular stone enclosure.

Grave 16