Gruffydd ap Maredudd
Gruffydd ap Maredudd († around 1319) was a Welsh lord of Deheubarth .
origin
Gruffydd ap Maredudd came from the Dinefwr dynasty . He was a son of Maredudd ap Owain , whose rule included the middle Ceredigion. After the death of their father in 1265, Gruffydd and his brothers Cynan and Owain divided the rule among themselves, with Trefilan Castle probably remained the joint administrative seat of the three lords. As "wretched chiefs" they ruled Ceredigion south of the Ystwyth .
Role during the conquest of Wales by King Edward I.
Gruffydd, like his father, was a vassal of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , the Prince of Wales. During the first campaign of the English King Edward I , however, like his brother Cynan, he submitted to the English military leader Payn de Chaworth in May 1277 . Chaworth sent him to Worcester , where he, along with Cynan and their relatives, Lords Rhys Wyndod and Rhys Fychan , had to pay homage to the king on July 1st . He then had to take part in the fighting in West Wales. Despite submission and the aid of weapons, he had to cede half of his lands to the king, which he complained about in a petition to the Regis Curia in 1278 . He also did not accept his new role as vassal of the English king, so that it came into conflict with Robert de Tibetot , the royal legal advisor of South Wales. Tibetot tried to centralize the administration and did not accept the old Welsh law. Already on May 18, 1278 Gruffydd, together with his brother Cynan and Rhys Wyndod, visited the defeated Llywelyn ap Gruffydd in his residence, Dolwyddelan Castle . Probably in early 1282 he joined the conspiracy of Dafydd ap Gruffydd and conquered Aberystwyth Castle together with his distant cousin Rhys Fychan by a ruse on March 24, 1282 . Then he continued his resistance against the advancing English armies . In September a royal army, supported by Rhys ap Maredudd , captured Trefilan Castle. Gruffydd narrowly escaped and fled with his nephew Llywelyn , the son of his brother Owain, who died in 1275, to the Gwynedd hill country . There he continued to support the resistance of Dafydd ap Gruffydd before he too had to surrender in the summer of 1283.
Next life
Gruffydd's lands fell to the king and he was incarcerated in various English castles. However, he was not condemned as a traitor, but was later allowed to live at the royal court as the king's Welshman . He received a pension from the Edwinstowe estate in Nottinghamshire and fought in the Royal Army in Flanders during the campaign of 1297 . However, he was never allowed to return to Wales.
Web links
- JB Smith: Gruffudd ap Maredudd (d. In or before 1319). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
Individual evidence
- ^ John Edward Lloyd: A history of Wales from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest , Vol. II. Longmans, Green & Co., London, 2nd ed. 1912, p. 750.
- ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California Press, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 177
- ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California Press, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 183
- ^ Ralph A. Griffiths: The revolt of Rhys ap Maredudd, 1287-88 . In: The Welsh History Review , ISSN 0043-2431 , Jg. 1966, No. 3, pp. 121-143, here p. 124
- ^ David A. Carpenter: The struggle for mastery. Britain, 1066-1284 Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-522000-5 , p. 507
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gruffydd ap Maredudd |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gruffudd ap Maredudd |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Lord of Deheubarth in South Wales |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 13th Century |
| DATE OF DEATH | around 1319 |