Guillaume de Nogaret
Guillaume de Nogaret (also Wilhelm von Nogaret , * around 1260 in Saint-Félix-Lauragais ; † April 11, 1313 ) was a courtier and important advisor to the French King Philip the Fair . Nogaret was a driving force in the conflict between the king and the popes, and he also promoted the dissolution of the Knights Templar .
Guillaume de Nogaret studied Roman law. In 1294 he got a position at a royal court, in 1299 he became a knight of the king. In 1300 Philip sent him to the Holy See as an envoy . After the death of Pierre Flote at the Battle of Courtrai (1302), Nogaret became the king's chief adviser. Because of the publication of the papal bull Unam Sanctam , Nogaret let the Franco-papal conflict escalate. In a meeting of the greats of the empire in the Louvre on March 12, 1303, he attacked Pope Boniface VIII in the fiercest way.
Nogaret allied himself with the Italian enemies of the Pope ( Sciarra Colonna and others) and carried out an attack on them. In a surprise attack on September 7, 1303, he was able to take the small town of Anagni , where Boniface VIII had his summer residence. So he wanted to prevent the reading of the bull of excommunication against King Philip , which was planned for September 8th . However, the Pope was adamant and did not dare to kill him, so that two days later the citizens of Anagni Nogaret and his comrades were finally able to evict. This process went down in history as the assassination attempt by Anagni .
On September 14, 1307 (the feast of the Exaltation of the Cross ), a warrant for the arrest of Philip IV against the members of the Templar Order was issued, for all Templars without exception. On Friday, October 13, 1307, Guillaume de Nogaret had the leading Templars arrested at the behest of King Philip IV.
literature
- Elizabeth AR Brown: Philip the Fair and His Ministers: Guillaume de Nogaret and Enguerran de Marigny. In: William Chester Jordan, Jenna Rebecca Phillips (Eds.): The Capetian Century, 1214-1314. Brepols, Turnhout 2017, pp. 185-218. (academia.edu)
- 'Veritas' à la cour de Philippe le Bel de France: Pierre Dubois, Guillaume de Nogaret et Marguerite Porete. In: La Vérité. Vérité et crédibilité: construire la vérité dans le système de communication de l'Occident (XIIIe-XVIIe siècle). Publications de la Sorbonne, Paris 2015, pp. 425–445. (books.openedition.org)
- Robert Holzmann : Wilhelm von Nogaret; Advice and great seal keeper of Philip the Fair of France . Freiburg im Breisgau 1898. (online)
- Sébastien Nadiras: Guillaume de Nogaret et la pratique du pouvoir. École des chartes, 2003. (theses.enc.sorbonne.fr)
- Franklin J. Pegues, The Lawyers of the Last Capetians. Princeton 1962.
- Ernest Renan : Guillaume de Nogaret. In: Histoire littéraire de la France . t. XXVII, 1877, pp. 233-371.
- Bernard Moreau: Guillaume de Nogaret, un languedocien au service de la monarchie capétienne. Actes du colloque de Nîmes, 20 January 2012. Lucie Éditions, Nîmes 2012, ISBN 978-2-35371-293-9 .
- Bernard Moreau, Julien Théry-Astruc (eds.): La royauté capétienne et le Midi au temps de Guillaume de Nogaret. Actes du colloque des 29 and 30 November 2013. Editions de la Fenestrelle, Nîmes 2015, ISBN 979-10-92826-34-0 .
- Julien Théry: Philip the Fair, the Trial of the Perfidious Templars and the Pontificalization of the French Monarchy. In: Journal of Medieval Religious Culture. 39/2, 2013, pp. 117–148. (academia.edu)
- Julien Théry-Astruc: The Pioneer of Royal Theocracy. Guillaume de Nogaret and the conflicts between Philip the Fair and the Papacy. In: William Chester Jordan, Jenna Rebecca Phillips (Eds.): The Capetian Century, 1214-1314. Brepols, Turnhout 2017, pp. 219–259. (academia.edu)
Web links
- Publications on Guillaume de Nogaret in the Opac der Regesta Imperii
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Guillaume de Nogaret |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wilhelm of Nogaret |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Courtier and advisor to the French King Philip the Fair |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1260 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Saint-Félix-Lauragais |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 11, 1313 |