Gustav Garbe

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Gustav Garbe (born March 29, 1865 in Altona , † January 18, 1935 in Kiel ) was a German trade union leader and a politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He played an important role in the Kiel sailors' uprising and in the Kapp Putsch in Kiel.

Altona, Hamburg, Kassel

Gustav Garbe (Evangelical Lutheran) was born in Altona near Hamburg. His father was probably Wilhelm Paulsen. His adoptive father was the carpenter Wilhelm Friedrich Garbe. His mother was Dorothea Magdalena Sophie Sievers from Fly Mountain.

He trained as a locksmith and initially lived in Hamburg, where he joined the SPD around 1884. In August 1890 he moved to Kassel, where he became a member of the German Metal Workers' Association a year later .

From 1892 to 1904 he was both chairman of the trade union cartel in Kassel and chairman and shop steward for the SPD in Kassel. At the same time he was also chairman of the agitation commission for Waldeck and Hesse. He was a party congress delegate and once ran unsuccessfully for the Reichstag.

From 1894 his profession was indicated as a cigar dealer. From 1900 he appeared as editor and publisher of the Casseler Volksblatt, for which Philipp Scheidemann also worked from 1905.

Garbe signed up for Hamburg in 1905 and appeared in Kiel from 1909.

Kiel

From 1909 to 1918 Garbe was chairman of the trade union cartel in Kiel. His occupation is initially given as a locksmith and later as a union official. For a short period Garbe was also the SPD party leader in Kiel.

Photo by Gustav Garbes from the trade union building in Kiel, probably taken in the 1920s.

During the Kiel sailors 'uprising, Garbe was elected chairman of the Kiel workers' council on November 5, 1918. The council was constituted in what is now the Garbe hall of the Kiel trade union building. The workers' council gave the city administration councilors and took over the food office itself. The Upper President for Schleswig-Holstein also received an alderman. In a decisive vote, in which Gustav Noske asked the rebels to break off their revolt, Garbe clearly sided with the revolutionaries and rejected Noske's offer.

When Noske was called to Berlin, Garbe was elected by the Workers' and Soldiers' Council to succeed Noske as governor on January 11, 1919 and gave up the chairmanship of the workers' council. In December 1918 he was sent to Berlin as a delegate for the MSPD, constituency Schleswig-Holstein, to the 1st General Congress of German Workers and Soldiers. In February 1919, his military powers were withdrawn and he was downgraded to "civil governor". On June 14, 1919, the civil governor's function was finally abolished.

From 1919 to 1924 he was a city councilor in Kiel for the SPD. It was during this time that his committed campaign against the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch also fell. The head of the Baltic Sea Naval Station in Kiel, Rear Admiral Magnus von Levetzow , suspected that Ebert and Noske were in Hamburg and gave orders to arrest them immediately if they arrived in Kiel. Garbe called on the Kiel workers to be ready to take action against military measures of the reaction. He was made governor and took part in organizing weapons and ammunition. Levetzow had him arrested, but had to release him after the coup failed.

From 1919 to 1930 his occupation is indicated with municipal clerk. In the 1934 address book he is listed as a pensioner. He died on January 18, 1935 at the age of 69 in Kiel.

Marriages

His first marriage was to Anna Christine Wagner, widowed Grimm, who died in 1894. He then married Martha Elisabeth Appel. This marriage was divorced in Kiel in 1910. His third marriage was to Emma Dabelstein, who died in Kiel in 1932.

memory

A hall in the trade union building in Kiel is named after him, and there is also a photo of him hanging there. The Free Gymnastics Association (today the Kiel Sailors 'Association) inaugurated their new ship bridge on today's Kiellinie in 1930 and named it in memory of the achievements of the workers' leader “Gustav-Garbe-Brücke”. The history working group of the Kiel SPD, together with the Kiel Sailors' Association, campaigned for the renaming of the boat harbor bridge after Gustav Garbe, which took place on November 3, 2016 in a small public ceremony organized by the city of Kiel.

Literature about Gustav Garbe

  • Gerhard Beier (historian) : Carl Legien. In: Communications from the Society for Kiel City History. Volume 67, Issue 9/10, 1980, pp. 190-191.
  • Klaus Kuhl: Gustav Garbe - a remarkable personality from Kiel . In: Rolf Fischer (Ed.), Revolution and Revolutionary Research - Contributions from the Kiel Initiative Group 1918/19. Series: Special publications by the Society for Kiel City History (Volume 67), Ludwig Verlag, Kiel 2011, pp. 77-100, ISBN 978-3-86935-059-2 .

Web links

Commons : Gustav Garbe  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Jochen Lengemann : Citizens' Representation and City Government in Kassel 1835-2006 . Publisher: Historical Commission for Hesse, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86354-135-4 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Information from the Kiel City Archives.
  3. ^ Rainer Paetau: Cooperation or Confrontation. Labor movement and civil society . In communications from the Society for Kiel City History No. 74.
  4. ^ A b c Dirk Dähnhardt: Revolution in Kiel . Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1978, ISBN 3-529-02636-0 .
  5. ↑ Klaus Kuhl: Gustav Garbe - a remarkable personality from Kiel . In: Rolf Fischer (Ed.), Revolution and Revolutionary Research - Contributions from the Kiel Initiative Group 1918/19. Ludwig Verlag, Kiel 2011, pp. 77-100, ISBN 978-3-86935-059-2 .
  6. ↑ Schleswig-Holsteinische Volkszeitung (VZ) of December 13, 1918
  7. ^ Wolfram Wette : Gustav Noske. A political biography . Droste-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1987, ISBN 3-7700-0728-X .
  8. ↑ a b Dirk Dähnhardt and Gerhard Granier (eds.): Kapp-Putsch in Kiel Society for Kiel City History, Volume 66, Kiel 1980, page 21.
  9. ↑ Chronicle of 75 Years of the Segler Vereinigung-Kiel eV from 1994.
personal data
SURNAME Garbe, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD) and union official
DATE OF BIRTH March 29, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Altona
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1935
Place of death Kiel