Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero

Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero (* 1946 in Horcones, Jutiapa ) was President of Guatemala from June 1 to 5, 1993 .

Life

On January 14, 1991, President Jorge Antonio Serrano appointed Elias Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero as his deputy. His predecessor in the office of deputy was Roberto Carpio Nicolle. Jorge Serrano had previously offered the position to the entrepreneur Francois Berger Dorión, who refused.

Clearance of the Plaza Mayor

In June 1992 Serrano was on a trip to Asia and Espina was executive president. On June 15, 1992 Finca Cajolá in the Altiplano of Quetzaltenango was cleared by around 500 landless families. About 400 manzanas (280 hectares ), maize milpa that they had sown, were burned by the security forces. The landless then marched on foot to Guatemala City to demonstrate for a solution to their economic situation. On July 22, 1992 at 5:20 p.m., the Plaza Mayor was forcibly evacuated by security forces on instructions from Espina. According to newspaper reports, 20 people were beaten to hospital maturity and 60 people were injured by the use of tear gas . The farmer Natalio González went missing. According to the landless, 53 people were seriously injured, but only 23 dared to go to hospital for fear of reprisals. 15 people had disappeared. On July 23, 1992, Espina received a delegation from the landless.

Serranazo

On May 25, 1993, Serrano proclaimed a state of emergency and launched a coup against the constitutional institutions. He was supported by Espina. When Serrano was forced to resign on June 1st by the army leadership , Espina was to become president, according to the will of the army leadership. The government cabinet resigned on June 3, with the exception of García Samayoa and Interior Minister Francisco Perdomo Sandoval. On June 3, 1993, investigative proceedings were opened against Serrano, Espina and Perdomo for breach of the constitution, abuse of office and embezzlement. On June 5, 1993, Parliament declared the post of President and Deputy President to be vacant and appointed Ramiro de León Carpio to serve as President for Serrano's remaining term until January 14, 1996.

The UNRG - guerrillas announced a unilateral ceasefire and the US Congress voted in favor of a resumption of military aid, as a sign of goodwill.

Serrano spent the following two years in exile in Costa Rica . In 1995 he returned to Guatemala, spent one night in prison and was released on bail.

On December 20, 1995, a vehicle with his two children was shot at in Zona 10 in Guatemala City. Because of his involvement in the coup he had to answer in court. On July 22, 1997, a court fined him 7,300 quetzales, equivalent to 16 installments in four years of 500 quetzales. Since the trial, Espina has run a clothing and brokerage company.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Velásquez, Pueblos indígenas, estado y lucha por tierra en Guatemala: Estrategias de sobrevivencia y negociación ante la desigualdad globalizada (pdf; 1.8 MB) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link became automatic used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2005 p. 270 
2. ↑ The New York Times , June 6, 1993 MAY 30-JUNE 5: People Power; In Guatemalan Politics, Epaulets Go Out of Fashion
3. ↑ David Lea, Colette Milward, Annamarie Rowe, A political chronology of the Americas , Routledge, 2001, 278 pp. 132
4. ↑ Prensa Libre , 29 de Julio de 2004 Es el segundo ex vicepresidente de la República enviado a prisión ( Memento of the original of May 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

predecessor	Office	successor
Jorge Antonio Serrano Elias	Presidents of Guatemala 1. – 5. June 1993	Ramiro de León Carpio