HMS Eden
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 Stern view of the Eden in the dock, with three shafts and six propellers |
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| Overview | |
| Type | destroyer |
| Shipyard |
Hawthorn, Leslie & Co. , Hebburn , Building No. 386 |
| Keel laying | July 14, 1902 |
| Launch | March 13, 1903 |
| Namesake | River Eden in Cumbria |
| Commissioning | June 16, 1904 |
| Whereabouts | Sunk June 18, 1916 after collision |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
555 ts , max. 625 ts. |
| length |
68.8 m (220 ft) |
| width |
7.3 m (23 ft) |
| Draft |
2.4 m (9 ft) |
| crew |
70 men |
| drive |
4 Yarrow boiler |
| speed |
25 kn |
| Armament |
1 × 12pdr-12 cwt Mk I |
| Range |
1695 nm at 11 kn |
| Coal supply |
127 ts |
| conventional sister boats |
Derwent , Waveney , Boyne , Doon , Kale |
HMS Eden was a 1904 of completed destroyer of the River class of the British Royal Navy . She was the only turbine boat in the class. Like the majority of the boats in the class, she was in reserve at the start of the First World War . The Eden , like her sister boats , was reactivated and was one of the security units in the southern North Sea. On June 18, 1916, there was an accident in the canal when the French troop transporter France overran and cut the Eden used for anti -submarine defense in the canal . When the Eden sank , 43 of her crew were killed.
History of the destroyer
The Eden was the Royal Navy's fourth turbine-propelled destroyer and the first to incorporate this engine into the hull of a standard destroyer. The shipyard Hawthorn, Leslie & Co. had already built two of the test boats, HMS Viper and Velox , for the use of steam turbines to drive destroyers together with the turbine manufacturer Parsons , which is also based on the Tyne .
The boat belonged to the new river class, which should have a significantly improved seaworthiness and range compared to the "30-knottern" built for almost 10 years. The boats built by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co. from July 1902 were 68.7 m long, 7.16 m wide and had a draft of 2.74 m. The Eden , which was put into service on June 16, 1904 , had a turbine system with a maximum output of 7,000 hp , which enabled the boat to test 26.2 knots via three shafts with two propellers each (at that time usually referred to as rotors). The HMS Gala , built by Yarrow , was the only other boat in its class to also achieve this value. The Eden's high-pressure turbine acted on the central shaft, and two low-pressure turbines on the side shafts, which were driven by additional marching turbines when traveling slowly.
Originally armed with a twelve-pounder of the type 12 cwt Mk I (76 mm L / 40 cannon) and five six pounders of the Hotchkiss type (57 mm L / 40 cannons) and two 45 cm torpedo tubes , the five light guns were already armed Replaced early by three additional, lighter twelve-pounders of the 8 cwt type (76 mm L / 29 cannons).
Calls
The Eden was assigned to the First Fleet in Harwich after its commissioning of the "East Coast Destroyer Flotilla" . In April 1909 she was the newly formed in Harwich "3. Destroyer Flotilla ”( 3rd DF ), which included 26 River-class boats. The lead cruiser of the flotilla was the Diamond . To flotilla yet the two were Spähkreuzer ( "scouts") Foresight and Forward , the repair and barge Aquarius ex Hampstead and the old cruiser HMS St George the Edgar class as "depot ship".
On the morning of January 28, 1910, in bad weather, the destroyer broke the mooring on its berth in Dover and it drifted against the pier under the East Cliff and sank. Two days later the Eden was lifted again and then repaired.
In May 1912 the boat was replaced by a Beagle class destroyer in the 3rd DF . The crew was reduced to one tribe and assigned to the "2nd Fleet". As a river boat, from 1912 E-class, the Eden received the letter 'E' on the hull.
During the test mobilization in July 1914, fourteen boats of the class formed the 9th destroyer flotilla, to which a further eight boats of the class were to join. At the beginning of the First World War, the 9th Destroyer Flotilla had two scout cruisers ( Forward , Patrol ) and thirteen destroyers of the River class ( Eden , their piston engine sister boats Derwent, Doon, Kale, Waveney and Ettrick, Itchen, Ness, Nith, Ouse, Rother, Stour, Test ) to which the Moy joined in December 1914 , and four torpedo boats ( TB 4, TB 13, TB 22, TB 24 ) of the cricket class . The supply ship for the flotilla was again the old cruiser St. George .
The Eden switched in 1915 with other destroyers of the River class ( Derwent, Doon, Kale, Waveney as well as Itchen, Moy, Ness, Nith, Ouse, Stour, Test ) to the seven old destroyers of the B- and C-class of the 7th destroyer flotilla , then finally with the Derwent to the "Portsmouth Defense Flotilla".
The loss of Eden
On the night of June 18, 1916, there was an accident in the canal when the French troop transporter France (1912, 24,666 GRT) overran the Eden , which was deployed from Portsmouth for anti-submarine defense in the canal, in front of Fécamp . On the France the rudder failed and the ocean liner cut up the small destroyer. The foredeck of the Eden sank immediately, the aft part a little later. 43 men of Eden died, France was able to save 33 castaways. The Eden was the River class's second war loss.
Individual evidence
- ↑ 12-pdr <3 "/ 40 (7.62 cm)> 12cwt QF Marks I, II and V
- ↑ 6-pdr / 8cwt <2,244 "/ 40 (57 mm)> QF Marks I and II
- ↑ so Dreadnought Project, according to other sources 17 destroyers
Web links
- The Eden on tynebuiltships
- The Derwent
- HMS Eden
- HMS Eden on dreadnoughtproject
- Sinking of the HMS Eden
- The wreck of the HMS Eden
- Dive to HMS Eden
- Wrecks near Fecamp
literature
- Maurice Cocker: Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893-1981 , Ian Allen (1983), ISBN 0-7110-1075-7
- Norman Friedman: British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War , Seaforth Publishing (Barnsley 2009), ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9 .
- David Lyon: The First Destroyers, Chatham Publishing 1996, ISBN 1-86176-005-1
- TD Manning: The British Destroyer , Putnam 1961
- Antony Preston: Destroyers , Hamlyn, ISBN 0-600-32955-0
- Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906-1921 , Conway Maritime Press (1985), 72f.
- Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I (Ed. John Moore), Studio (London 1990), ISBN 1-85170-378-0 .