HQ-9

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HQ-9

HQ-9 launch vehicle during a military parade marking the 60th birthday of the PRC in Beijing in 2009
HQ-9 launch vehicle during a military parade marking the 60th birthday of the PRC in Beijing in 2009

General Information
Type Surface-to-air guided missile system
Country of origin China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
Manufacturer China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation
development 1980s
Commissioning 1997
Working time in service
Technical specifications
length 7.25 m
diameter 519 mm
span 1,134 mm

First stage drive
Solid rocket engine
speed over 2,000 m / s
Range 125 km
Service ceiling 27,000 m
Furnishing
steering INS , data link
Target location semi-active radar target search ( SARH ) with TVM
Warhead 180 kg
Detonator Impact and proximity fuses
Weapon platforms Vehicles, ships
Lists on the subject

HQ-9 or Hóng Qí-9 ( Chinese  紅旗 -9  /  红旗 -9 , Pinyin Hóng Qí-9 , in German: Rote Fahne -9 ) is a medium / long -range surface-to-air guided missile system used in the People's Republic of China and is used today by the People's Liberation Army , among others . It is a modified version of the Russian S-300P anti-aircraft missile system that was purchased. An anti-radar version is called FT-2000 . The export version is called FD-2000 ( Fang Dun 2000 ).

Development history

Development work on a long-range surface-to-air guided missile system made in China began in the 1980s, and the first HQ-9 systems were delivered to the People's Liberation Army in the 1990s, and they were finally operational in 1997. After that, the system was continuously developed and modernized. The manufacturer is the Chinese defense company China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation (CPMIEC).

technology

One HQ-9 battery consists of six TEL TAS5380 trucks connected to an HT-233 3D C-band monopulse phased array antenna , all of which are connected to the TWS-312 fire control station. Military experts speculate that the HT-233 fire control radar is derived from the Russian 30N6E radar. The radar works at 300 MHz and has a range of around 120 km. The radar can track 100 aerial targets at the same time and capture around 50 targets. Several search radars can be used with the HQ-9, including Type 305A , JY-29 , JY-11B , YLC-18 , YLC-20, and the Type 120 low -flying radar .

rocket

Similar to the surface-to-air missiles of the Russian S-300W system, the HQ-9 missiles are two-stage. The first stage has a diameter of 700 mm, the second stage 560 mm. The total mass is almost two tons with a length of 6.8 meters. The missile is equipped with a warhead weighing 180 kg. The maximum speed is Mach 4.2 and the maximum range is 200 km. The control takes place by means of a 3D thrust vector control . Four cylindrical transport and launch containers are installed on a TAS5380A launch vehicle. The guided missiles are launched vertically. With the help of a catapult , the guided weapons are thrown out of the transport and launch containers to a height of around 20 meters, only then does the solid rocket engine ignite.

variants

The Changchun (150) with the HHQ-9A starters in the foreground

Various variants of the HQ-9 are known to date:

  • HQ-9A: Improved electronics and software provide the HQ-9A with greater accuracy.
  • HQ-9B: greater range of 300 km; In addition to the semi-active radar target guidance, an infrared target search is also available.
  • HQ-9C: Currently in development; with active target search
  • HQ-19: A significantly improved version of the HQ-9 for defense against ballistic missiles and satellites (ASAT) in low earth orbit and should correspond to the US THAAD in terms of performance . The HQ-19 is equipped with an Exosphere Kinetic Kill Vehicle warhead designed by a team led by Professor Zhou Jun , which can be used against both ballistic missile warheads and satellites. The first use took place in 2003, since then various other tests have been carried out with the rocket, including one on November 1, 2015.
  • HHQ-9: Marine version, identical to the HQ-9. The missiles are launched from a Vertical Launching System (VLS).
  • HHQ-9A: Marine version of the HQ-9A; is used on the guided missile destroyers of the Type 052C class .
  • FD-2000: Largely identical to the HQ-9, but slightly modified for export.
  • FT-2000: anti-radar version; Range up to 100 km.

Users

interested persons
  • IraqIraq Iraq : The Iraqi government is said to have closed a US $ 2.5 billion deal in December 2016 that included the HQ-9 system among other military goods. Baghdad was to finance the costs with loans from China and repay it in installments of $ 833 million.
Former prospects
  • TurkeyTurkey Turkey : The HQ-9 / FD-2000 air defense system, which Turkey ordered in September 2013 as part of a three billion dollar deal, was canceled in November 2015. Turkey's intention to purchase was controversial within NATO , as compatibility with the common FlaRa systems of western design was not guaranteed in the military alliance.

Web links

Commons : HQ-9  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Dr. Carlo Kopp (AFAIAA, SMIEEE, PEng): CPMIEC HQ-9 / HHQ-9 / FD-2000 / FT-2000 Self Propelled Air Defense System Technical Report APA-TR-2009-1103 (English)
  2. ↑ armyrecognition.com: HQ-9 medium-to-long range air defense missile system (English)
  3. ↑ a b c HQ-9 / FT-2000 SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE (English)
  4. ↑ a b c d e deagel.com: HQ-9 (English)
  5. ↑ 「黃河」: 巡天 神箭 紅旗 9 號 與 紅旗 家族 動態 . In: Defense International . No. 114, January 2001, pp. 72-81.
  6. ↑ missiledefenseadvocacy.org: HQ-9 - Status: 2018 (English)
  7. ↑ David Ax: Did China Just Test a New Satellite Killer? , accessed on April 12, 2020
  8. ↑ GlobalSecurity.com: HQ-19 Anti-Ballistic Missile Interceptor , accessed April 12, 2020
  9. ^ Algeria Acquires Lethal Mach 3 Ship Hunting Missies from China; How the CX-1 Allows Algiers to Close Off the Mediterranean (English)
  10. ↑ Syria May Look Elsewhere for Modern Air Defenses to Replace Russia's S-300; Part Three - HQ-9, China (English)
  11. ↑ SIPRI - Trade Registers China (English)
  12. ↑ defenseindustrydaily.com: China Gearing up to Export HQ-9 Anti-Air Missiles (English)
  13. ↑ Congress to block Turkey using US funds to buy missile system from blacklisted Chinese firm (English)