Hadım İbrahim Pasha Mosque

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Facade of the Hadım Ibrahim Pasha Mosque
Glance into the prayer hall

The Hadım İbrahim Pasha Mosque ( Turkish Hadım İbrahim Paşa Camii ) is a mosque in Istanbul . It was built by the Ottoman court architect Sinan during the Ottoman Empire .

location

The mosque is located in the Silivrikapı district in the Fatih district of Istanbul on the Theodosian city wall on the corner of Silivrikapı Caddesi / Hisaraltı Caddesi.

history

Hadım İbrahim Pascha was the white chief eunuch at the court of Suleyman I. Before he was raised to the rank of fourth vizier in 1544 , he was Beylerbey of Anatolia . The Sultan later elevated him to the rank of third and finally second vizier. As a vizier he was vice governor of Istanbul during the Ottoman-Safavid War . After the war ended, the court returned and Hadım İbrahim Pasha resigned and retired because of his age. He died in 1562.

A deed of foundation dated January 21, 1562 proves that the vizier founded a Friday mosque and a school in Silivrikapı. He also paid for the conversion of a Byzantine church into a mosque ( Ese Kapı mosque ) with a madrasah and school. The foundation owned land, mills and shops in Rumelia , Edirne and Istanbul. The mosque in Silivrikapı had three hammams , as well as shops and houses for the mosque workers . Today only mosque and turmoil exist .

According to an inscription on the mosque, the building was completed in 1551 when the pasha was the third vizier. Sinan was the architect, as evidenced by a stonemason's mark on the mosque. In 1763 extensive renovations took place on the mosque and the minaret was replaced. In 1912/13 the dome roofing was renewed and the mosque inside restored.

architecture

Look into the dome
Tile mirror in a lunette on the entrance facade

The courtyard with a park-like garden of the Hadım-İbrahim-Pasha Mosque is surrounded by a high outer wall with windows, in the southeast side of which the mosque is located. The Türbe sits in the south corner of the wall. There is a Şadirvan in the center of the courtyard .

The domed structure with a five-part open vestibule was built from alternating layers of stone and brick. Only the northern entrance facade was made entirely of light-colored ashlar. The founder was buried in an open doorway next to the mosque. Eight arches support the central dome with a drum pierced by windows . Every second arch frames a trompe , which gives the impression of a conche .

The dome has a diameter of twelve meters and is held in place by buttresses . The portico with five domes is supported by marble columns with muqarnas and diamond capitals . The arches between the columns are designed as keel arches . This columned hall protrudes over the core structure on both sides and thus also hides the square base of the polygonal minaret with balcony and pointed helmet.

The entrance facade is elaborately designed. A bezel with a tile mirror made of İznik ceramic sits above the two outer floor-to-ceiling windows , and above it a round tile mirror. For the first time, Sinan used faience from İznik instead of the Cuerda seca tiles . In addition to Thuluth inscriptions, the tiles of the mosque also show carnations and tulips. The rare color scheme ranges from blue and turquoise to light pink, white, and black. This is followed by niches with muqarnas canopies, then two wider windows and finally the entrance portal with a high muqarnas canopy.

The walls of the mosque are broken through by three rows of windows. The two lower rows each have three windows on three sides and one on each side of the slightly recessed upper floor. On the ground floor, blind arches are set over the rectangular windows, above windows with keel arches. Inside, the window axes are separated by niches with arches.

literature

  • Abdülkadir Erdoğan: Silivrikapı'da Hadım İbrahim Paşa Camii . Vakıflar Dergisi, 1938, Volume 1, pp. 29–33 ( digitized ; Turkish)

Web links

Commons : Hadım Ibrahim Pasha Mosque  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gülru Necipoğlu: The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire . Reaction Books, London 2005, ISBN 1-86189-244-6 , pp. 391-396, here pp. 391 f.
  2. ^ A b Gülru Necipoğlu: The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire . Reaction Books, London 2005, p. 392
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Müller-Wiener : Picture dictionary on the topography of Istanbul: Byzantion, Konstantinupolis, Istanbul up to the beginning of the 17th century . Wasmuth, Tübingen 1977, p. 416 f.
  4. ^ A b c Gülru Necipoğlu: The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire . Reaction Books, London 2005, p. 393 f.

Coordinates: 41 ° 0 ′ 21.6 ″  N , 28 ° 55 ′ 21.7 ″  E