Halo zones

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Halizones ( ancient Greek Ἁλιζῶνες Halizones ) is in Homer's epic Iliad the name of a people who took part in the Trojan War on the side of the Trojans and is apparently located by the poet on the Black Sea coast of North Asia Minor.

Homer calls this " distant Alybe " as an important region or city in the Hali zones. She is the place of origin of the silver. The Halizonen are led by Odios and Epistrophos and support the Trojans in the defense of their city. They are considered to be the most eastern allies of the Trojans. Odios is killed by Agamemnon during the war .

Strabo tried to connect the Halizonen or Alybe with the Chalybers . In modern research, too, an equation with the Chalybers, which are mostly localized in northeastern Anatolia, has been suggested several times. However, this is controversial. Already early Scholien to Homer located the Halizones in the Pontos area, a late one saw the Halizonen as a Thracian tribe. A connection of Halizonen or Alybe with the Halys, today's river Kızılırmak , was considered. Silver finds have been made in various places in the Halys area, but the dating is uncertain and does not necessarily indicate that this region was an important silver supplier before or during Homer's time. A possible connection with the Hittites , whose heartland included part of the Halys region, was also considered.

literature

  • Maya Vassileva: Greek Ideas of the North and the East: Mastering the Black Sea Area. , in: Gocha R. Tsetskhladze (Ed.): The Greek colonization of the Black Sea area. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-515-07302-7 , pp. 69-77, especially p. 74 ff.
  • Trevor R. Bryce : The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia. The Near East from the Early Bronze Age to the Fall of the Persian Empire. Routledge, London 2009. ISBN 978-0-415-39485-7 , p. 280 ( digitized version ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Homer, Iliad 2, 856–18.
  2. ↑ Homer, Iliad 2, 856.
  3. ↑ Trevor Bryce : The Trojans And Their Neighbors , Routledge Tylor & Francis Group, London and New York 2006, p. 139.
  4. ↑ Homer, Iliad 5: 38-42.
  5. ^ Strabo, Geography 12, 3, 20.
  6. ↑ Trevor Bryce: The Trojans And Their Neighbors , Routledge Tylor & Francis Group, London and New York 2006, p. 139.
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Kullmann , Recorded knowledge in the ship catalog and in the Trojan catalog of the Iliad , in: Wolfgang Kullmann - Jochen Althoff (ed.), Mediation and transmission of knowledge in Greek culture , Günter Narr-Verlag Tübingen 1993, p. 144 .; Trevor Bryce The Trojans And Their Neighbors , Routledge Tylor & Francis Group, London and New York 2006, p. 139.
  8. ↑ Vassileva 1998, p. 74 (with evidence).
  9. ^ VV Ivanov: On the Problem of the Correlation between Ancient Greek and Hittite Tradition. , in: Slavonic and Balkan Linguistics. Language Contact Problems , Moscow 1983, pp. 53-55 (Russian); quoted from M. Vassileva (see literature). Cf. also (negative) Trevor Bryce: The Trojans And Their Neighbors , Routledge Tylor & Francis Group, London and New York 2006, p. 139 (with further evidence).