Hans Aebli

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Hans Aebli (born August 6, 1923 in Zurich ; † July 26, 1990 in Burgdorf ) was a Swiss psychologist in the field of developmental and thought psychology , learning psychology and the psychology of action.

Life

Aebli studied from 1939 in Zurich, first as a primary school teacher , then in Geneva psychology, education and philosophy at the Universities of Minnesota and again in Geneva, where he received his doctorate in 1951 under Jean Piaget . From 1950 to 1962 he worked at the Zurich Oberseminar in teacher training , interrupted from 1955 to 1957 for a substitute chair in Saarbrücken. In 1962 he was appointed professor at the Free University of Berlin , in 1966 at the University of Konstanz , and in 1971 as director of the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Bern . He taught there until his retirement in 1988. He was represented on many university and political committees.

At the end of his life, Aebli and his wife hiked the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela and wrote a book about it Santiago, Santiago , which was finished before his death. It has reached eight editions.

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Aebli has made school teaching and learning more transparent by developing a modern psychological didactics with his theory of thinking and understanding and the concept formation resulting from action. He was particularly interested in the cognitive psychological foundation of teaching.

He clarifies the essential connections of educational psychology in Thinking: The Ordering of Doing (1981). Volume 1 begins with a history of gestalt psychology and continues through Otto Selz , Edward Tolman , Frederic Charles Bartlett (schema research) and Piaget to research on semantic memory and linguistics ( Noam Chomsky , Fillmore's construction grammar ). Then Aebli presents his own theory of action . The central terms in Volume 2 are: I. Problem solving , II. Concept formation , III. Conceptual structure ( text grammar ), IV. Knowledge: schemes and systems, V. Knowledge: objects , abstraction , quality / quantity, VI. Media of thinking, VII. Language as a medium of acting and speaking, VIII. Thinking, learning, development and education.

Its Twelve Basic Forms of Teaching contain theoretical clarification and very practical tips for lesson planning, from storytelling, reading and writing to problem-solving, practicing and applying.

The Aeblis operative method aims at action-oriented teaching , in which the students approach problem-solving independently and solve it step by step. He was a co-founder of the method of operational learning in 9 levels for math classes:

  1. Capturing the text
  2. Simplify with schemes or sketches
  3. Recognize the captured elements
  4. Establish relationships between the recorded elements
  5. Translated into an appropriate mathematical language
  6. Formulation of the problem
  7. Solution of the task
  8. Interpretation of the result
  9. Variation of the task

Aebli's lifelong interest was the professionalization of teacher training in Switzerland.

Aebli has received several honorary doctorates ( University of Turku , University of Education in Kiel ).

Fonts

  • Didactique psychologique. Application à la didactique de la psychologie de Jean Piaget. Neuchâtel: Delachaux & Niestlé (1951). Dissertation supervised by Jean Piaget .
    • German: Psychological Didactics. Didactic evaluation of the psychology of Jean Piaget . Stuttgart: Klett, 1963 (original 1951)
  • About the child's mental development. Habilitation (Zurich 1960), as a book 1963.
  • Thinking: the ordering of doing. Vol. 1: Cognitive Aspects of Action Theory. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta (1980). ISBN 978-3608916645
  • Thinking: the ordering of doing. Vol. 2: Thought Processes. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta (1981).
  • Santiago, Santiago… On the Camino de Santiago on foot through France and Spain. Stuttgart Klett-Cotta (1990, etc.). ISBN 978-3608953961

Aebli worked on his main work, Basic Forms of Teaching , for decades; it has appeared in very different versions:

  • Basic forms of teaching. A contribution to the psychological foundation of the teaching method . Stuttgart: Klett (1961).
  • Basic forms of teaching. General didactics based on cognitive psychology . Stuttgart: Klett (completely revised, greatly expanded new edition: 1976).

Most recently, Aebli divided the material into two volumes:

  • Twelve basic forms of teaching. General didactics on a psychological basis. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta (1983). ISBN 3-608-93044-2
  • Basics of teaching (Vol. 2 of the "Twelve Basic Forms of Teaching"). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta (1987). ISBN 3-608-93116-3

literature

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Urs Aeschbacher: University of Bern: On the retirement of Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Hans Aebli, MA, Head of the Educational Psychology Department . In: Contributions to teacher training . tape 6 , no. 3 , 1988, ISSN  0259-353X , p. 300–305 , urn : nbn: de: 0111-pedocs-131398 ( full text [PDF; 573 kB ; accessed on August 15, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Kurt Reusser , Matthias Baer: thought and developmental psychologist, didactician and teacher trainer . In: Contributions to teacher training . tape 8 , no. 3 , 1990, p. 253–259 , urn : nbn: de: 0111-pedocs-131943 ( full text [PDF; 573 kB ; accessed on August 16, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Hans Aebli: Twelve basic forms of teaching . 2nd Edition. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-608-93044-2 ( table of contents [accessed on August 15, 2020]).
  4. ↑ Hans Aebli: The operational principle . In: Teaching Mathematics . No. 11 . Friedrich, 1985, p. 4-6 .
  5. ↑ Erich Christian Wittmann : Objects-operations-effects: the operative principle in mathematics didactics . In: teaching math . No. 11 . Friedrich, 1985, p. 7-11 .
personal data
SURNAME Aebli, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss educator
DATE OF BIRTH August 6, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Zurich
DATE OF DEATH July 26, 1990
Place of death Burgdorf BE