Hans Andorn

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Hans Andorn (born on August 3, 1903 in Hattingen ; died on February 26, 1945 in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp ) was a German rabbi , teacher and educator of liberal Judaism . After working in Nuremberg and Karlsruhe, he fled to Holland with his family in 1938 and died shortly before the end of the war in 1945 in a concentration camp.

life and work

Hans (Yaakov) Horehound ( Hebrew יעקב בן מאיר אנדורן) was born as the eldest son of the cantor and religion teacher Meier Andorn and his wife Bella, née Stern, in Hattingen an der Ruhr and grew up with two brothers, Berthold (Baruch) and Ludwig (Jehuda), in the city on the Ruhr . From 1909 to 1913 Hans was first taught by his father in the Israelite elementary school, then he moved to the Hattingen secondary school . In 1922 he graduated from school with a high school diploma. For a few years he worked in a bank in Essen before enrolling at Berlin University in the fall of 1925 . At the same time, he began studying at the local College for the Science of Judaism with the aim of becoming a rabbi.

Horehound's mother Bella died in November 1926.

From 1928 Hans Andorn studied philosophy, history and oriental studies in Giessen and received his doctorate in July 1929 with a thesis on Salomon Ludwig Steinheim's revelation based on the synagogue concept . Leo Baeck had suggested this topic . He dedicated the dissertation published in 1930 to his late mother. Soon after, Andorn went back to Berlin to take the rabbinate exam ( Semicha ).

On March 20, 1932, Hans Andorn and the singing teacher Charlotte Mayer married in Witten (Ruhr). She was the daughter of a friend of his father's, Max Mayer, who worked as a cantor and teacher at the Witten synagogue community. The young couple now moved to Karlsruhe, where Hans took over the office of 2nd rabbi of the liberal Israelite religious community in Kronenstrasse, alongside Rabbi Hugo Schiff . Andorn's tasks included religious instruction at Karlsruhe schools and youth work. On March 16, 1934, Susanne, the couple's only child, was born.

In 1934 Andorn was appointed to a rabbinical position in the liberal Jewish community in Nuremberg, as the successor to Dr. Max Freudenthal . In September 1938, in view of the growing anti-Jewish threat and daily harassment, the family decided to emigrate to Holland. In The Hague , Dr. Horehound works as a rabbi with the Liberaal Joodse Gemeente . After the occupation of the Netherlands by the German troops in 1940, the family had to leave the city and in October 1940 they moved to Zwolle , where Hans was not allowed to continue teaching. In 1943 the family was deported with numerous Jews from the area to the Westerbork transit camp and in January 1944 to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where Andorn was promised to be exchanged as hostage for ethnic Germans who had been arrested by the Allies. Hans Andorn died of illness and malnutrition in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp under the devastating prison conditions of the last months of the war. Charlotte and Susanne Andorn were deported by train to Saxony in April 1945 , but were liberated there by American troops. After a stopover in Holland, mother and daughter emigrated to Argentina.

Hans Andorn's brothers Berthold and Ludwig were able to immigrate to the Mandate Palestine . The father Meier Andorn died in 1943 in the Theresienstadt ghetto .

Works (selection)

  • Sal. Ludw. Steinheim's revelation based on the synagogue's doctrine: depicted and in its problem and investigates the history of philosophy [...] . Berlin 1930. Zugl. Giessen, Univ., Phil. Diss., 1929. 63 pp.

Remarks

  1. ^ According to Yad Vashem August 7, 1903

literature

  • Thomas Weiß: “Stumbling blocks” for Hattingen 2005 . Publications from the Hattingen City Archives, Volume 17, Hattingen 2005
  • Charlotte Meyerstein, widowed Andorn: What we suffered, what we experienced . In: Jüdische Wochenschau (Buenos Aires), No. 811, August 1, 1950, Volume XI
  • Andorn, Meier , in: Hermann Schröter (Hrsg.): History and fate of the Essen Jews: memorial book for the Jewish fellow citizens of the city of Essen . Essen: City of Essen, 1980, p. 466

Web links

Wikisource: Hans Andorn  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Memorial sheet at Yad Vashem
  2. ↑ cf. The Rabbis in the German Empire 1871-1945 , ed. Michael Brocke , Julius Carlebach . Göttingen 2009, p. 1962
personal data
SURNAME Horehound, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Horehound, Hans Yaakov
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German rabbi, teacher and educator of liberal Judaism
DATE OF BIRTH August 3, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Hattingen
DATE OF DEATH February 26, 1945
Place of death KZ Bergen-Belsen