House of Trade Unions (Moscow)

House of Trade Unions (2011)

The House of Trade Unions ( Russian Дом Союзов ) is a public building in Moscow .

Building description

The building is at number 1 on today's Grosse Dimitrowka Street (Russian Большая Дмитровка , until 1993 Pushkin Street ) and is on the corner of Okhotny Ryad (Russian Охотный ряд ). It was built around 1775 for the Moscow nobility assembly by the architect Matvej Kazakow . In 1917, after the October Revolution , it was handed over to the Soviet trade unions.

The most important room in the building is the column hall (also column hall) with 1265 seats. The former “Great Hall” was named in the Soviet era because of its 28 pillars, each 9.80 meters high. In addition, there is the Oktoberhalle (470 seats) and two smaller ones, only with “No. 1 "(a round room) and" No. 2 “(a banquet hall) designated event rooms.

meaning

During the Soviet Union (until 1991), the “House of Trade Unions” was particularly well-known for hosting party congresses of the CPSU and highlights of cultural life. For many Soviet and Russian artists, an appearance in the pillared hall of the house was and is a career highlight, comparable to an appearance by American artists in New York's Carnegie Hall .

During Soviet state funerals, people who were later buried at the Kremlin wall were usually laid out in the pillared hall . The funeral procession with military honors led from the “House of Trade Unions” to Red Square . Those honored in this way were predominantly Soviet party and state leaders, but also high-ranking military figures and killed cosmonauts.

Historical events and events in the column hall

1860: First symphony concert (conducted by Nikolai Rubinstein )
1880: Pushkin speech by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
1924: Lenin is laid out
1936 to 1938: Stalinist show trials
End of 1937: First “secular” Christmas tree in the Soviet Union for the New Year celebrations. Since then, a big New Year's event for children has been held here every year.
1938 first performance of the song Katyusha
1942 performance of the Leningrad Symphony by Dmitri Shostakovich
1948: World Chess Championship
1953: Stalin is laid out
1980: 83rd session of the International Olympic Committee and election of Juan Antonio Samaranch as IOC President
1984: World Chess Championship
1987: Fashion show on the occasion of the first Russian edition of a western fashion magazine ( "Бурда" , Soviet edition of Burda Moden )

literature

Vadim Polewoi among others: Populjarnaja chudoschestwennaja enziklopedija: Tom 1 . Sowjetskaja enziklopedija, Moscow 1986, p. 226. (Russian)

Individual evidence

Web links

Commons : House of the Unions - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

55.7589 37.6164Coordinates: 55 ° 45 ′ 32 ″ N , 37 ° 36 ′ 59 ″ E

[1] Moskauer Deutsche Zeitung, article of December 17, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2013

[2] Moskauer Deutsche Zeitung, article from March 27, 2007. Retrieved January 20, 2013