Haverlandt

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Haverlandt , also Haberlandt and Haverland, is a Mecklenburg legendary figure based on Georg Haberland, a landowner from Matzdorf. In 1839 he was murdered by his own people.

The historical person

After he had been expelled from his manor in Tarnow near Kleeth for the cruel and rough treatment of his estate subjects, Georg Haberland bought the Matzdorf estate (near Friedland ) in 1836 . In the same year his landlords began to complain about him to the state government because of bad treatment on the part of the landlord. The government files record several complaints from Matzdorf residents against Haberland. He is also said to have said that he wanted his manors to lie on rotten straw and eat them from potato peels.

Haberland repeatedly got into arguments with his inspector Buscheck, which went so far that he incited his people to murder the inspector. The inspector, who in turn found out about this, complained to his master and was beaten with a stick. The inspector finally won over the manors. The mistreatment of Haberland towards his people led to the fact that the inspector beat up the landlord, protected by a few day laborers, in his bedroom. Little by little, the manors then took revenge on their master, while the wine stores were brought out and a feast was celebrated. The whole village, young and old, was involved in Haberland's assassination on June 21, 1839, so that in the end no one was entirely innocent and no one could be assigned the full guilt. They tortured him with both scissors and broken glass, whipped him with rods, and shouted and mocked him. The cheering and shouting continued long after the crime. At that time, Haberland's wife was with the landlord Neumann, her son- in -law in Lapitz . The child- blessed marriage of Haberland should not have been a happy one, precisely because of Haberland's rawness. He lived in Matzdorf alone with two sons, his wife and the other children lived separately from him.

After the night of the murder, the estate had to be occupied by gendarmes and almost two dozen men from the line military. The manors also refused to bury their master's body. Therefore, people from other villages had to be called in for the funeral. The inspector was arrested as the instigator of the whole operation and sentenced to death. However, this sentence was reduced to a life imprisonment . The penalties of the main participants are considered to be quite low.

The legendary figure Haberland

As a hard-hearted gentleman, Haberland goes down in the Mecklenburg-Pomeranian legends, to which his landlords both through malicious gestures such as knocking over a baking trough in which bread is about to be baked, and through humiliating instructions, for example with the pigs from a trough eat, and torture bullied. Similar to Agatha Christie's murder on the Orient Express , the community agrees to meet on the estate to kill them together.

The repetitive motif of the shard dance in the sagas as Haberland's torture of death is not historically proven.

The Haberland legend is believed to be another model for the uprising that took place in Torgelow in 1848 , during which the castle was set on fire on May 22nd. Presumably the rebels wanted their masters, the Junker von Behr-Negendank, to dance like Haberland - on shards . These castle lords are also accompanied by Mecklenburg legends that have survived to this day.

Haberland in music and literature

Haberland has entered both High German and Low German literature . Luise Mühlbach published in 1840 with the title: Naturverirrungen a story about the uprising in Matzdorf in her volume of short stories, Migratory Birds . From the same year a song with the heading Detailed Description of Haberland - Avarice and Greed as well as the horror scenes in Matzdorf from June 21, 1839 has been preserved in the state archive in Schwerin. The song summarizes the prehistory as well as all the details and features of the uprising known from the legends , but without the shard dance.

In Fritz Reuter that he Haberland and a few protest actions of its workers live as a model for Pomuchelskopp from its is believed Ut expression Stormtid and No Hüsing has used.

literature

  • Gisela Schneidewind: The saga of the Mecklenburg landlord Georg Haberland. In: Deutsches Jahrbuch für Volkskunde 5 (1959), pp. 8–43
  • Richard Wossidlo : master and servant. Antifeudal sagas from Mecklenburg, from the Richard Wossidlos collection. Published by Gisela Schneidewind. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1960.

Web links

  • https://www.wossidia.de/ (Wossidlo archive; legends about Haberland under ZAW - B-VI - Frevel B-VI-09 - Haberlandt [B609-001])

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Preliminary report on the detailed circumstances of the murder of the manor owner Haberland. In: Lexicus. Retrieved September 25, 2018 .