Heinrich von Freiberg

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Heinrich von Freiberg was a Bohemian , Middle High German -writing poet who lived in the second half of the 13th century. His best-known literary achievement is the completion of the Tristan epic by Gottfried von Strasbourg .

life and work

Like other medieval poets, Heinrich von Freiberg is not mentioned in any surviving historical source. We can only partially reconstruct his life based on his works. Heinrich was not a nobleman. His surname "von Freiberg" indicates either his place of birth or, more likely, the place of birth of his father. However, it is not documented which Freiberg it was about. Czech researchers suspect that one of his ancestors (probably his father) came from Freiberg in Saxony and came to Bohemia as a mining specialist. Heinrich was probably of bourgeois origin, enjoyed a good education and worked as a poet for the Bohemian nobles. At first he was sponsored by the noble Ronow family .

Heinrich von Freiberg is considered to be one of the best German poets of the 13th century who worked in Bohemia. Around 1280 he completed the Tristan epic by Gottfried von Strasbourg in East Bohemia on behalf of the rich Bohemian Baron Raimund von Lichtenburg . He then wrote his longest poem (almost 900 verses) - an adaptation of a Latin legend about the origin of the cross on which Christ was tortured. Occasionally (in the older research) the anonymously written poem Schrätel und Wasserbär (with 352 verses) was ascribed to him, the content of which is of Scandinavian origin, which is widespread throughout Europe. After 1293 he wrote the poem Johann von Michelsberg's Knight's Ride , which glorified the knightly successes of the Bohemian nobleman Jan z Michalovic.

It is possible that he also lived at the court of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia in Prague .

Judgments

Heinrich "was characterized by easy, skilful speech, delicate presentation and mischievous teasing, in which he happily strived after his master Gottfried von Strasbourg."

“Individual scenes offer true pearls of courtly narration, he has a masterful command of the language ... He knows how to adapt well to Gottfried, but still maintains his individuality. He is a freelance artist who knows how to make good use of what is traditional. "

Work edition

  • Heinrich von Freiberg. Tristan und Isolde , Middle High German / New High German, (original text based on the Florence Hs. Ms. BR 226), edited by Danielle Buschinger and Wolfgang Spiewok, (= Wodan; Volume 16, Series 1, texts of the Middle Ages 5), Greifswald 1993

literature

  • Reinhold Bechstein :  Heinrich von Freiberg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 335 f.
  • Alois Bernt: Heinrich von Freiberg , Halle / Saale 1906, reprint Hildesheim 1978
  • Danielle Buschinger (Ed.): Heinrich von Freiberg, "Tristan" , Göppingen 1982
  • Hadumod Bußmann :  Heinrich von Freiberg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 407 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Silke Grothues: The Arthurian Tristan novel. Completion of the work on Gottfried's "Tristan" and genre change in Heinrichs von Freiberg Tristan continuation , (= European university publications : Series 1, German Language and Literature; Volume 1202), (Zugl .: Düsseldorf, Univ., Diss., 1989), Frankfurt am Main [ u. a.] 1991 ISBN 3-631-43206-2
  • Marion Mälzer: The Isolde-Gestalten in the medieval German Tristan-Dichtungen: a contribution to the diachronic change , (= contributions to the older literary history), (Zugl .: Kiel, Univ., Diss., 1990), Heidelberg 1991 ISBN 3-533 -04470-X
  • Hans-Hugo Steinhoff: Heinrich von Freiberg. In: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon, Volume 3, Berlin 1981, columns 723-730

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b Freiberg, Heinrich von, Rytířská jízda Jana z Michalovic, Praha, Elka Press, 2005. ISBN 80-902745-8-7 . Foreword by prof. Dr. Václav Bok, CSc., S. 7-9. (Czech)
  2. ↑ Ulla Williams: 'Kobold und Eisbär' ('Schrätel and Wasserbär'). In: Author's Lexicon . Volume IV, Col. 1279 f.
  3. ↑ Draft lecture with summary ( memento of the original from August 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / bscw.avmz.uni-siegen.de
  4. ^ Meyers Konversationslexikon, 4th edition Leipzig 1887, sv Heinrich von Freiberg [1]
  5. ↑ Erich Gierach, The German Literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon, Berlin 1943, Volume 3, Column 262, quoted in Gerhard Eis, Small writings on old German secular poetry, Amsterdam 1979, p. 420
personal data
SURNAME Heinrich von Freiberg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Middle High German poet
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Freiberg
DATE OF DEATH 13th century or 14th century