Hermann Schardt

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Hermann Schardt (born June 27, 1912 in Essen , † April 12, 1984 ibid) was a German graphic artist , painter and art school director.

Life

In the years 1927–1931, Hermann Schardt initially trained as a lithographer and then worked in this profession. From 1931 to 1933 he studied painting, free and applied graphics with Professors Fischer, Burchartz, Rössing, Poetter, Kriete and Urbach at the Essen School of Applied Arts. From 1935 he worked at this school as a teacher and in 1940 became head of the department for commercial graphics.

In the same year he was drafted and used as a soldier first in France and then on the Eastern Front. It was there that the wood engravings for the cycle The Red Dance of Death were made between 1941 and 1943 - based on personal experiences in the war . This work is said to have been presented to Adolf Hitler by Albert Speer , who judged it very positively. The cycle was first published as a book in 1944 (see Works).

After the war, the Hermann Kätelhön printing workshop in Wamel am Möhnesee offered him a refuge. He worked there as a painter and freelance graphic artist until in 1947 the city of Essen asked him to rebuild the Folkwang Werkkunstschule.

From 1948 to 1971 Hermann Schardt was director of the Folkwang School of Design. Under his leadership, the school gained international renown, but fought in vain to become a university. The Folkwang idea was particularly close to Schardt's heart : to gather the entirety of all the arts under one roof and to bring them into exchange. The incorporation of the Folkwang School of Design into the University of Applied Sciences (from 1972 University) in Essen and its spatial separation from the Folkwang University of Music, Dance and Drama dissolved the close connection between these two training centers. The Folkwang School of Design lost its independence. Schardt taught free graphics at the newly formed department of design until 1977.

Schardt was one of the founding members of the international association of wood cutters XYLON, which was established in Zurich in 1953 . He was the initiator and co-founder of the German Poster Museum in Essen in 1970 and its first director. In 1974 he was one of the seven founding members of the of Mildred Scheel launched German Cancer Aid . Schardt designed the first blue and black emblem of the German Cancer Aid and designed the medal of honor with the portrait of the founder and the hope star of the non-profit organization.

In addition to graphic design (characters, posters, stamps) and free graphics (series of illustrations in wood, lithography, etching, drawing, watercolor), Hermann Schardt created a variety of artistic works in buildings and in public spaces (relief, mosaic, glass cut, marble inlays, etc. ).

His students include u. a. Willi Kissmer .

Honors

  • 1935: Award of the Albrecht Dürer Prize for the Cornet (see works).
  • 1950: Appointment as professor by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
  • 1962: Awarded the Folkwang Ring of Honor for special merits.

Works (selection)

Illustration sequences:

  • Rilke, Rainer Maria: The way of love and death of the cornet Christoph Rilke . Illustrations and fonts cut in wood by Hermann Schardt. Stuttgart: 1933.
  • Schardt, Hermann: The red dance of death . Cycle of 30 wood engravings. Stuttgart: 1944. Reprint: Essen: 1984.
  • Schleiermacher, Friedrich: Catechism . With 15 etchings by Hermann Schardt. Wamel / Möhnesee: 1945.
  • Stifter, Adalbert: rushing forests, ringing hearts . With three illustrations by Hermann Schardt. Heidelberg: 1946.
  • Voltaire, Francois Marie Arouet: Candide or the best of the worlds . Translation v. Use Linden. With 22 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Hamburg: 1946.
  • Balzac, Honore de: Jesus Christ in Flanders . With 11 lithographs by Hermann Schardt. Heidelberg / Waibstadt: 1947.
  • Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von: Roman elegies . With 9 lithographs by Hermann Schardt. Waibstadt: 1947.
  • Goldoni, Carlo: The Murrkopf . With 16 etchings by Hermann Schardt. Hamburg: 1947.
  • Henry, O .: Streets of Fate . A romantic novel. With 7 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Heidelberg: 1947.
  • Geissler, Horst Wolfram: Dear Augustin. The story of an easy life . With 45 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Zurich: 1948.
  • Defoe, Daniel: Robinson Crusoe . Revised by Alfred Lück. With 57 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Kreuztal / Westf .: 1949. Reprint: Essen: 1981.
  • Timmermans, Felix: At Pieter Brueghel's grave . Transfer from Karl Jakobs. With 10 lithographs by Hermann Schardt. Essen: 1955.
  • Preisendanz, Karl (translated): Praise of women in Latin gardens . A selection of Roman poetry. With 10 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Essen: 1959.
  • Dietsch, Klaus A .: China Cicerone - A manual . With 22 pen drawings by Hermann Schardt. Munich: 1982.

Typography:

  • Draft of the Folkwang Antiqua with 2 styles (italics and bold) for the Gebr. Klingspor type foundry, Offenbach: 1955.

Stamps:

  • National postage stamp exhibition Wuppertal , 10 + 2 and 20 + 3 Pf., Deutsche Bundespost: 1951.

Art on and in construction:

  • The apocalyptic horsemen . Bronze portal of the Marktkirche Essen: 1963.
  • 8-part colored altar window of the chapel in the Evangelical Hospital Düsseldorf: 1969.

Fonts and editions:

  • Schardt, Hermann (Ed.): 50 Years of the Folkwang School of Design (with texts by Max Burchartz ). Essen: 1961.
  • Schardt, Hermann (Ed.): Structures graphic / photographic . 20 color photos by Italian painters / 25 structural studies by young graphic artists. Opladen: 1964.
  • Schardt, Hermann (ed. And author): Paris 1900. French poster art. Stuttgart: 1968.
  • Schardt, Hermann (ed.): Showmen, jugglers and artists. Show booth graphics of the pre-March period . Introduction Günther Böhmer. Text German-English 2 volumes. Essen: 1980.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Boelcke, Deutsche Armung, 1969, p. 279.
  2. ^ Founding minutes of September 25, 1974

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schardt, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lithopraph
DATE OF BIRTH June 27, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH eat
DATE OF DEATH April 12, 1984
Place of death eat