Herrmann Jungraithmayr
Herrmann Rudolf Jungraithmayr (born May 7, 1931 in Eferding , Upper Austria ) is an Austrian Africanist and retired university professor. Until 1996 he held the chair for African linguistics at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main .
Life
Jungraithmayr studied African Studies , Egyptology and Ethnology at the Universities of Vienna (1950–1953) and Hamburg (1953–1956). Formative teachers were primarily Wilhelm Czermak (Vienna) and Johannes Lukas (Hamburg). From 1956 to 1959 he was a lecturer at the Goethe Institute in Cairo , especially at the two grammar schools in Orman and Ibrahimiyya. In 1957 he introduced the German language at Al-Azhar University . From 1960 to 1963 he was a research assistant at the seminar for African languages at the University of Hamburg, from 1963 to 1967 assistant at the Philipps University in Marburg , where he completed his habilitation in 1967 and then worked as a private lecturer . In 1968/69 he was appointed assistant professor at Howard University in Washington, DC From 1972 to 1985, he was appointed professor of African studies at Philipps University in Marburg. In between, he was visiting professor at Maiduguri University in Nigeria in 1983 . From 1985 to 1996 he held the chair for African linguistics at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main . Here he founded the Institute of African linguistics , today the Institute of African Studies .
Herrmann Jungraithmayr is a brother of Alfred Jungraithmayr .
Research trips
- 1958/9: Darfur expedition ( Sudan and Chad ), together with Alfred Jungraithmayr and Franz Ortner , with the support of the Wennergren Foundation, New York
- 1962: One year of field research a. in Northern Nigeria, as a research assistant to Johannes Lukas, Hamburg, with the support of the German Research Foundation (DFG)
- 1969: Southern Nigeria and Western Cameroon: voice recordings within the framework of the DFG project Africa maps
- 1970–1980: Several trips to the Republic of Chad to document Sudanese Hamitosemitic ("Chadian") languages ( Mubi , Migama, Mokilko etc.)
- 1989–2002: Several research trips to northern Nigeria as part of the DFG Collaborative Research Center 268: “Cultural Change and Linguistic History in the Natural Area of the West African Savannah”.
Scientific work
The extensive documentation of the Chadian languages widely used in central Sudan solidified the now widely accepted thesis that these languages are the southwestern branch of the Afro-Asian (Hamitosemitic) language tribe that was pushed into Sudan by the drying up of the Sahara . Which have been made in the encounter with the indigenous languages of adjustment and mixing processes provide for Jungraithmayr a scientifically fertile field of contact linguistics. It has also been found to accept that the linguistically older representatives of the language family in the east ( eastern Chad ), the younger the West Chad ( Cameroon and Nigeria ). According to Jungraithmayr, this can be shown by the fact that the historically old language structural element ablaut (grammatical root vowel change, e.g. Arabic kitaab "book": kutub "books") is strongly represented in the east, in the west by the "abton" (change of root tone ) is replaced.
In addition to this purely linguistic aspect, Jungraithmayr is also concerned with the humanistic dimension of his work. The documentation of languages (lexicons, grammar, oral literature) of the scriptless peoples of Africa provides evidence of a rich, cultural heritage that every African carries with his mother tongue. Only making the differentiated linguistic structures visible and listening can provide evidence of the quality of a cultural treasure trove that has grown and preserved for thousands of years. After all, Jungraithmayr sees Africa's languages as a living monument to the inner culture of a world that for centuries has been exposed to the crimes of the European and Arab slave trade .
Book publications (selection)
- The Ron languages. Glückstadt 1970: ISBN does not yet exist
- Fairy tales from Chad. Düsseldorf / Cologne 1981. ISBN 3-424-00707-2
- Lexique mokilko. Berlin 1990. ISBN 3-496-00558-0
- A Dictionary of the Tangale Language. Berlin 1991. ISBN 3-496-00593-9
- (with Wilhelm JG Möhlig ) Lexicon of African narrative research. Cologne 1998. ISBN 3-927620-64-5
- Sindi. Tangale folktales. Berlin 2002. ISBN 3-89645-110-3
- La langue mubi (République du Tchad). Berlin 2013. ISBN 978-3-496-02852-9
- The perfect tone. Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-515-09207-4
- (with Wilhelm JG Möhlig) Introduction to the Hausa language . Berlin 1976; 3rd edition 1985
- (with Wilhelm JG Möhlig and Anne Storch ) Textbook of the Hausa language. Cologne 2004. ISBN 3-89645-006-9
- (with Wilhelm JG Möhlig) Lexicon of African Studies. Berlin 1983. ISBN 3-496-00146-1
- (with D. Ibriszimow) Chadic Lexical Roots , 2 volumes. Berlin 1994. ISBN 3-496-00560-2
- (with PI Diyakal) Lyang Lu. One thousand and one proverbs, idioms and sayings in Mushere (N. Nigeria). Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-515-09231-9
- The three-dimensionality of African languages . Marburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-943556-45-2
- (with Miroslawa Holubavá) The Ngas Language (Shik Ngas) . Berlin 2016. ISBN 978-3-496-01555-0
- (with Marie Ngom) Work secrets of African languages . Marburg 2018. ISBN 978-3-943556-78-0
Audio documentation
- Voice recordings from Sudan and Chad, 1958/9, including the Daju language, 13 tapes, archived in Frankfurt a. M.
- Voice recordings from Nigeria and Chad, 1962–2004, archived in the phonogram archive of the Austrian Academy of Sciences under "Herrmann Jungraithmayr Collection 1962–2004"
Editing
- Chadic Newsletter 1970-1998
- (with Hans-Jürgen Greschat , Wolf Haenisch and Wilhelm Rau ) Marburg studies on Africa and Asia, 1973 ff.
- (with H.-J. Greschat) Africana Marburgensia 1968–1989
- (with N. Cyffer and R. Vossen) West African Studies 1994 ff.
- Language and Orality in Africa , 1989–2010
Memberships
- 1972 - Marburg Scholars Society (until 2018 on the board)
- 1978 - Scientific society at the Goethe University Frankfurt a. M. (temporarily board member)
- 1990–1999 First Chairman of the German Oriental Society (DMG)
Awards
- 1996 Honorary title "Mai Yadak" of the Tangale in Northern Nigeria
- 2012 honorary title "Mi Sam" of the musher in northern Nigeria
literature
- H. Jungraithmayr: A life with African languages , Paideuma 52 (2006) and 53 (2007)
- Gábor Takács (ed.) Semito-Hamitic Festschrift for for. AB Dolgopolsky and H. Jungraithmayr . Berlin 2008. ISBN 978-3-496-02810-9
- Studia Chadica (Festschrift for the 80th birthday) , Cologne 2011
Web links
- Literature by and about Herrmann Jungraithmayr in the catalog of the German National Library
- List of scientific publications by Herrmann Jungraithmayr , compiled in May 2016 (PDF; 115 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hermann Jungraithmayr CV
- ↑ Herrmann Jungraithmayr: Tape recordings on the languages of Northern Nigeria and Chad 1962–2004. A research and experience report. In: Internat. Forum on Audio-Visual Research. Yearbook of the Phonogramm-Archiv 8, Vienna, 2017, pp. 116-134
- ^ Herrmann Jungraithmayr: The Africanization of Hamitosemitic Languages in Central Sudan. In: Mammitzsch et al. The Marburg Scholar Society. Berlin, De Gruyter 2016, pp. 215–227
- ^ Herrmann Jungraithmayr: From Mubi to Ngas - A history of evolution in Chadic. Magazine d. German Orient. Society 168/1, pp. 1-14
- ↑ Herrmann Jungraithmayr: The perfect tone. On the three-dimensionality of African languages. Stuttgart, F. Steiner 2008
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jungraithmayr, Herrmann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Jungraithmayr, Herrmann Rudolf (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian Africanist and retired university professor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 7, 1931 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Eferding , Upper Austria |