Heart-spotted hooded leaf beetle
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Heart-spotted hooded leaf beetle ( Cryptocephalus cordiger ) |
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| Cryptocephalus cordiger | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The heart-spotted hooded leaf beetle ( Cryptocephalus cordiger ) is a beetle from the leaf beetle family and the fall beetle subfamily (Cryptocephalinae). The species-rich genus Cryptocephalus is represented in Europe with seven sub-genera. The heart-spotted hooded leaf beetle belongs to the subgenus Cryptocephalus , which is represented in Europe with almost one hundred species. The first description was in 1758 by Linnaeus under the name Chrysomela cordigera .
The beetle, which is rare in Central Europe, is listed in the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany under Category 2 (“critically endangered”) and is considered extinct or missing in North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein.
The epithet cordiger ( Latin for “leading a heart”), like the German part of the name “heart flecked”, refers to a heart-shaped blemish on the base of the pronotum. The generic name Cryptocephalus (from ancient Greek κρυπτός "kryptós" for "hidden" and κεφαλή "kefalé" for "head") alludes to the head retracted into the pronotum. This hidden position of the head is also expressed by the part of the name “hooded beetle”. The beetles like to let themselves fall when disturbed, which is why they are also called "fall beetles". The name "Heart-spotted hooded leaf beetle" given in the red lists is not common.
Characteristics of the beetle
The cylindrical beetle is black, the head and pronotum have white blemishes, the elytra are red with black spots; the base of the antennae is yellow-red, as are, for the most part, the rails and tarsi . The beetle reaches a length of 5.5 to 6.5 millimeters.
The head is retracted into the pronotum, the forehead oriented perpendicular to the body axis. There is a triangular spot on the head shield between the antennae. The eleven-link antennae are thread-shaped and black except for the red-yellow root.
The pronotum is almost twice as wide as it is long, the front edge slightly cut out and less wide than the rear edge. The side edge of the pronotum is only slightly more clearly set off at the back and extremely narrow in front of the center. The sides of the pronotum are whitish, the eponymous heart-shaped spot is in front of the center of the rear edge. In front of it there is a longitudinal line that is mostly shortened towards the rear, but it can also flow together with the heart-shaped spot.
The only confused dotted elytra are cylindrical. Each wing cover ends rounded and has two black spots. The anterior spot sits behind the shoulder bulge, the posterior one is in the posterior half of the elytra. The side edges of the wing covers are narrowly offset and bent up. The groove thus formed runs from the shoulder bulge to the wing tip. Viewed vertically from above, you can see the channels on both sides at the same time. The label is triangular.
The front hips are separated from each other by a wide, flat plate on the front chest. The rear rails are also without an attachment in the male. The splints are reddish yellow with the exception of the base and the tarsi except for the last two links. Otherwise the legs are black. The tarsi are all four-membered, but a thickening on the claw member can be interpreted as a rudimentary additional tarsi member. The third tarsal link is bilobed.
biology
The adults can be found on very different plants from May to August. The species is bound to dry and warm locations. Oak , hazel , birch , willow , various roses , sparrows and meadowsweet are named as host plants .
The eggs are laid in late summer. The larvae glue their droppings to a housing that they carry around with them.
distribution
The species is distributed from northern Italy to the southern parts of Sweden and Finland, and from France the range extends to Greece. To the east the beetle can be found as far as Siberia. The center of the distribution area is however in the Mediterranean countries and in Central Europe.
literature
- Heinz joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 9 . Cerambycidae Chrysomelidae . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-8274-0683-8 (first edition: Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1966).
- Klaus Koch : The Beetles of Central Europe . Ed .: Heinz Freude . tape 3 : ecology . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1992, ISBN 3-87263-042-3 .
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica, the beetles of the German Empire, Volume IV, KGLutz 'Verlag, Stuttgart 1912
- Gustav Jäger (Ed.): CG Calwer’s Käferbuch . K. Thienemanns, Stuttgart 1876, 3rd edition
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Cryptocephalus cordiger in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 4, 2013
- ↑ Cryptocephalus in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 4, 2013
- ↑ Cryptocephalus (subgenus) in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 4, 2013
- ^ First description in Linnaeus: Systema Naturae Volume I, 10th edition 1758 Photo of the first description
- ↑ Red lists at BioNetworX
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
- ↑ Polish page on the species of Coleoptera Poloniae
