High school of cameras in Lautern

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The high camera school in Lautern ( Kaiserslautern ) was the oldest camera school in Europe.

history

The establishment owed its establishment to the agricultural reform efforts of the late 18th century. To promote beekeeping in the West Palatinate , the "Bee Society" was established in 1768, which from 1770 onwards called itself the "Physical-Economic and Bee Society" to emphasize its scientific character. It formed the nucleus of the initially privately run school.

Already in 1765 had Councilor Joseph Fontanesi submitted his electors a plan for industrialization of the Palatinate, a reform project within the meaning of mercantilism of Jean-Baptiste Colbert , the context in which he also a chair of the formation of the civil service, the introduction cameralistics at the University of Heidelberg urged Which eventually led to the establishment of the High Kameral School in Kaiserslautern. Up until then, camera studies had only been taught at the universities in Halle an der Saale and Frankfurt an der Oder . The school in Kaiserslautern was opened on October 14, 1774. The Mannheim physician and botanist Friedrich Kasimir Medikus , who was already head of the bee society, and Baron von Hautzenberg were appointed directors. Six students attended the school in the first semester. The endeavor to promote the backward Kaiserslautern economically also played a role in the choice of location.

The foundation letter of the Elector Karl Theodor dated August 25, 1777 transformed it into a state educational institution for political, especially camera sciences, and was given the title "High School" by the court chamber decree of July 6, 1779. The visit became compulsory not only for the candidates for the princely administration in the Electoral Palatinate, but also in Hessen-Darmstadt and Hessen-Kassel . Initially, the high school was mainly frequented by students from the Palatinate, but now it has also attracted interested parties from abroad, e.g. from Poland and Sweden.

building

The school was founded in the manufactory in Kaiserslautern, where the bee society also held its meetings. She later moved into the so-called "Hohlesche Haus" on Rittersberg (destroyed in World War II). Plans to find accommodation in the castle have failed. Instead, the "Pfundsteinsche Haus" and the "Salpeteranlage" on the Rittersberg were transferred to the school in 1779.

Relocation to Heidelberg

In 1784 the Hohe Kameral School was integrated into the University of Heidelberg and housed in the Palais Freudenberg (today Palais Weimar ). Under the name "Staatswirtschaftliche Hohe Schule", it initially remained an independent unit under the direction of the previous director, Medicus. It was not until 1822 that the political science section of the university was dissolved and merged with the philosophical faculty.

literature

  • Alexandra Plettenberg: The Hohe-Kameral-Schule zu Lautern 1774-1784 , Diss., Munich 1983

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Riem founded the "Lauterer Bienengesellschaft" in Lautern on March 15, 1768, (Gerhard Alicke: "Johann Riems Work in Economic Associations of the Late Enlightenment", Diss., Mannheim 2015), other name: "Churpfälzische Bienengesellschaft".
  2. ↑ Marcus Popplow: Landscapes of agrarian-economic knowledge: Strategies for innovative resource use in journals and societies of the 18th century , Waxmann Verlag, 2010, ISBN 383096904X , p. 209; (Digital scan)
  3. ↑ Brief excerpts from Austrian dissertations: Humanities and social sciences , Verlag des Verband der Scientific Societies Austria, 1970, p. 2; (Detail scan)