Hohe Strasse 30 (Coburg)

East facade

West facade

Entrance gate

The house at Hohe Straße 30 in the Upper Franconian town of Coburg is a representative villa, which was built in 1874 in the neo-renaissance style and is registered as a monument in the Bavarian list of monuments.

history

In the middle of a park-like area, the architect Julius Martinet designed the building in the style of a classic Roman villa for the businessman Adolf Schirmer, who sold it to medical professor Max Gottschau in 1888. In the years that followed, up to 1916, Bernhard Brockardt had numerous conversions and additions carried out, in particular the increase by one floor. A bay window was added on the west side and a curved terrace was laid out. The top floor was expanded and provided with oriels, steam heating was installed and a new chimney was built for it. The ground floor and staircase were renovated. A new house entrance in the form of another bay window was added, whereby the previous house entrance became a window. After the renovation, the richly decorated historicist villa was redesigned by the new owner Lisbeth von Egan-Krieger in 1911. The size of the rooms was changed and a large garden gate was installed.

Hermann Hirsch acquired the representative villa in January 1919. In 1914 he had taken over the position of preacher of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde in Coburg. After participating in World War I, he founded the boarding school Prediger Hirsch in 1917 . It is unclear whether this boarding school was located at Hohe Straße 30 from the start . Hermann and Berta Hirsch initially ran it for foreign students who attended a secondary school in Coburg. In April 1935 the boarding school was formally converted into a private Jewish elementary school, but it was more of a country school home . The facility existed until November 1938. From October onwards, lessons were held in the rented house at Hohe Straße 16, which Hirsch was able to acquire from Margarethe Schütz in 1936, while house no. 30 served as a school home for students from outside Germany. In October 1937 the school had 54 students, 14 of them from Coburg. After the St. Nicholas Chapel , which was used as a synagogue, was closed in early 1933, the Jewish community held their services in the hall of the house. On the night of November 9-10, 1938 , the pupils of SA members who destroyed the prayer room were forced to break the window panes of their school. Hirsch was arrested and the school closed. The Hirsch couple were able to emigrate to Palestine in March 1939 .

Rudolf Kaufmann taught at the school from October 1935 . In July 1936 he was arrested for an offense against the racial laws and sentenced in December to three years in prison by the Coburg Regional Court . His dedicated defender was Thomas Dehler . After his release, Kaufmann fled to Kaunas in Lithuania , where he was shot by German soldiers in 1941.

At the end of 1938, the waterways preparatory work office for the planned Main-Werra Canal , which was supposed to lead past Coburg, took over the property and had the property redesigned and changed in 1940 as part of the conversion to official apartments. Among other things, the ground floor was converted into a rental apartment and an air raid shelter was set up in the basement; the upper floors have been converted into service rooms. With the completion of the planning work in 1942, the office left the property. After 1945 it was returned to the Hirsch family, who sold it shortly afterwards.

architecture

The access to the park property, which was built in 1911 and consists of an entrance gate with spherical Doric pillars, flanked by two pedestrian gates, is well preserved. The two-storey house, made of ashlar masonry, appears as a picturesque grouping through stepped facade parts with hip and pyramid roofs. The east side is characterized by a central projecting front with a portal and a cross-frame window above , closed off by a dormer window with lateral volute supports . The left side of the house is dominated by a three-storey corner tower with arched windows and a pyramid roof. The south front, which adjoins the corner tower, is staggered towards the garden side by staggering the building structure. The corner tower is followed by a central projectile with a polygonal bay window in front of the mezzanine floor and a decorative dormer as the upper end. A Doric frieze begins behind the risalit and continues to the west on the garden side, dividing the floors. The windows on the south side have a more elaborate decor on the upper floor than on the rest of the house. The western garden front is framed by two corner projections, between which a wide three-sided central bay window with arbor and wrought-iron grille extends. A one-and-a-half-story pent roof extension is placed in front of the north side of the house without windows and without any further structuring, apart from a console cornice and the corner projection on the garden side.

literature

Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: City of Coburg. Ensembles · Architectural Monuments · Archaeological Monuments . Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-87490-590-X (Volume IV.48 of the series Monuments in Bavaria , published by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation).
Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews. Tolerated - Outlawed - Destroyed . Evangelisches Bildungswerk Coburg eV and Initiative Stadtmuseum Coburg eV, 3rd revised and expanded edition, Coburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-938536-01-8 .
Renate Reuther: Villas in Coburg. Veste-Verlag Roßteuscher, Coburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-925431-31-9 , pp. 69-77.

Web links

Commons : Hohe Straße 30 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Klaus Kreppel: Nahariyya and the German immigration to Eretz Israel. The history of its inhabitants from 1935 to 1941. Dedicated to Nahariyya for the 75th year of its foundation. The Open Museum, Tefen Industrial Park (Israel), 2010, ISBN 978-965-7301-26-5 , pp. 386–387.
↑ Digital City Memory Coburg: Rudolf Kaufmann, b. 1909 / Hohe Strasse 30

Remarks

↑ This results from the archive information cited on the website Forum Jüdische Schule Coburg : “A written information from March 31, 2015 from the Coburg State Archives, about file 234 from the Coburg tax office says: 'The Coburg Land Register, Volume 4, Sheet 307 and the Corresponding land register files - sheet 1387f - prove that the ownership of the property [in year, JG] passed in 1919 from Lieutenant Jenö Egan-Krieger from Charlottenburg to Hermann Hirsch. It is noted in the land register files that Hermann Hirsch paid the due imperial stamp to the notary Hirsch in Coburg on January 23, 1919, as indicated on a receipt presented. There are contradicting statements about the acquisition of this property, both with regard to the time of purchase and the buyer: it is often claimed that Berta Hirsch acquired the house. Since she is said to have come from a wealthy family, it is at least obvious that she or her family raised the purchase price. "

50.252661111111 10.968302777778Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 9.6 ″ N , 10 ° 58 ′ 5.9 ″ E

[2] Klaus Kreppel: Nahariyya and the German immigration to Eretz Israel. The history of its inhabitants from 1935 to 1941. Dedicated to Nahariyya for the 75th year of its foundation. The Open Museum, Tefen Industrial Park (Israel), 2010, ISBN 978-965-7301-26-5 , pp. 386–387.

[3] Digital City Memory Coburg: Rudolf Kaufmann, b. 1909 / Hohe Strasse 30

[Hirsch-1] This results from the archive information cited on the website Forum Jüdische Schule Coburg : “A written information from March 31, 2015 from the Coburg State Archives, about file 234 from the Coburg tax office says: 'The Coburg Land Register, Volume 4, Sheet 307 and the Corresponding land register files - sheet 1387f - prove that the ownership of the property [in year, JG] passed in 1919 from Lieutenant Jenö Egan-Krieger from Charlottenburg to Hermann Hirsch. It is noted in the land register files that Hermann Hirsch paid the due imperial stamp to the notary Hirsch in Coburg on January 23, 1919, as indicated on a receipt presented. There are contradicting statements about the acquisition of this property, both with regard to the time of purchase and the buyer: it is often claimed that Berta Hirsch acquired the house. Since she is said to have come from a wealthy family, it is at least obvious that she or her family raised the purchase price. "