Horologium Olomucense

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Dedication sheet depicting the illustrators

The Horologium Olomucense (Latin Collectae seu Horae , also Breviarium Bohemicum ; German Olmützer Horologium ; Czech Olomoucké horologium ) is a collection of liturgical texts belonging to the Breviary or the Liturgy of the Hours . The manuscript intended for the Olomouc cathedral chapter was created in Olomouc in the early 1140s . Today it is in the Royal Library in Stockholm .

history

The Horologium Olomucense is one of the most important medieval codices in Bohemia and Moravia . It was commissioned by the Olomouc bishop Heinrich Zdík and was intended for the chapter of the newly built Olomouc St. Wenceslas Cathedral . It contains the liturgical calendar of the “Officium divinum”. In addition to the horologium, Bishop Zdík also commissioned a copy of Augustine 's De civitate Dei , written in the 5th century , which he donated to the Strahov Monastery . It is now in the library of the Prague cathedral chapter under the shelf number A XXI .

Both manuscripts were illustrated by the painter Hildebert and his assistant Everwin. They probably came from the Rhineland and were appointed to Olomouc by Heinrich Zdík. They were entrusted with the orders for luxuriously furnished manuscripts, while the manuscripts for use were produced in the Olomouc scriptorium .

During the Thirty Years' War the Horologium Olomucense was stolen from the Swedes along with other valuable books and brought to Stockholm. It was only discovered there in 1880 during a research stay by the Moravian church historian and monk Beda Dudík . In terms of art history, Antonín Friedl dealt with the original manuscript in the 1920s. He was able to prove that the illustrations of both the Horologium Olomucense and the Strahover copy of the “De civitate Dei” come from the painter Hildebert and his assistant Everwin. In 1927 Friedl published the monograph "Hildebert a Everwin, románští malíří". Since after 1948, during the communist rule, Czech researchers had no opportunity to study the original, only black and white negatives that had been produced by Antoní Friedl were available.

After the Horologium Olomucense was to be exhibited in the Olomouc Diocesan Museum from September 24, 2009 to January 3, 2010 as part of an exhibition about Bishop Heinrich Zdík, the diplomat and Zdík expert Jan Bistřický wrote a description of the Horologium Olomucense together with the musicologist Stanislav Červenka . Jan Bistřický did not see the exhibition since he died in 2008. His largely finished, bilingual publication could only be published posthumously in 2011 by Stanislav Červenka, Ivo Barteček and Thomáš Bistřický.

literature

  • Jan Bistřický, Stanislav Červenka: Olomoucké horologium / Horologium Olomucense. Kolektář biskupa Jindřicha Zdíka . (Czech and German) Edited by Stanislav Červenka, Ivo Barteček and Thomáš Bistřický. Olomouc 2011, ISBN 978-80-244-2446-0

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antonín Friedl: Hildebert a Everwin, románští malíří (= Knihovna Kruhu pro pestování dejin umení vol. 1). Prague 1927.
  2. ^ Exhibition in Olomouc
  3. ↑ son of Jan Bistrický.