Huis ter Nieuburch
Huis ter Nieuburch , also known as Rijswijk Castle , Hof te Rijswijk , Huis te Rijswijk or Huis ter Nieuwburg , was a summer palace of the House of Orange-Nassau that the Dutch governor Frederick Henry of Orange built in Rijswijk between 1630 and 1634 in forms of Dutch Classicism let. The building, which was sparsely inhabited at the time of its existence, gained historical importance as the place where the negotiations for the Peace of Rijswijk were held .
story
In 1630, the governor Friedrich Heinrich acquired the Huis ter Nyeuburch near Rijswijk from the wealthy Delft businessman Philibert Vernatti (1590–≈1646), who had settled in England in 1628, and had his predecessor’s country house demolished to make a representative summer residence for himself and his family to build. The architects of the plans developed for this purpose are Simon de la Vallée and Arent van 's-Gravesande (≈1610–1662). Jacob van Campen , Constantijn Huygens and the prince himself are also named as master builders . In 1634 the palace was finished externally. Its interior work lasted essentially until 1638, when Maria de' Medici visited the property. Friedrich Heinrich furnished the building with important paintings, including histories by Christiaen Gillisz. van Couwenbergh .
The architecture and layout of the building were inspired by the Louis-Treize style . The palace consisted of a series of pavilions whose individuality was particularly emphasized by the separate roofs. The very deep main pavilion in the middle was connected to residential pavilions by gallery wings on either side. The hood of the main pavilion was exceptionally large for its depth and, including the chimneys, about the same height as the masonry. Orders of pilasters for each floor strengthened the rhythm of the window axes. There were wraparound balustrades at the base of the roofs . The approximately 100 meter wide palace facade and the extensive symmetrical gardens, which showed Dutch, Italian and French design elements, were axially aligned with the Nieuwe Kerk of Delft , the burial place of the Orangers.
In his will, Friedrich Heinrich decreed that the castle should be available to his wife Amalie zu Solms-Braunfels as a widow's residence. However, she preferred The Hague as her place of residence and rented the property to Willem Adriaan van Nassau-Odijk . During the reign of Wilhelm III. von Orange , who had inherited the house from his grandmother Amalie, from 9 May to 20 September 1697 the palace served the envoys of various European powers, under the moderation of the Swedish diplomat Nils Lillieroot, as the place of diplomatic negotiations aimed at ending the War of the Palatinate Succession . In the autumn they succeeded in the peace treaty of Rijswijk.
After the death of Wilhelm III. the palace was largely empty. By partition agreement of 1732 (Traité de Partage et d'Accommodement sur la Succession de la Maison d'Orange, Conclu Entre sa Majestě le Roi de Prusse, et son Altesse Serenissime le Prince d'Orange et de Nassau) he came into the possession of Frederick William I of Prussia , whose son Frederick II may have given it to William IV of Orange as a gift of friendship . In any case, Wilhelm's widow Anna rented the house to the Russian ambassador Alexander Gavrilovich Golovkin (1688-1762).
In 1761 William V of Orange had some repairs carried out on the decaying building. When its corner pavilions and wings were dilapidated and in danger of collapsing, they were closed in 1786. In 1790 the whole building had to be demolished. A ceiling painting that Gerrit van Honthorst painted in 1638/1639 for the large ballroom was previously taken to the Noordeinde Palace .
In 1792-1794 Wilhelm V had the architect Philip Willem Schonck (1735-1807) erect a classical obelisk , the Naald van Rijswijk , on the property to commemorate the Peace of Rijswijk. The Rijswijkse Bos forest area developed on the garden grounds .
literature
- R. Chandali, HH Huitsing: Ter Nieuwburg en de Vrede van Rijswijk. Gemeente Rijswijk, Rijswijk 1989, ISBN 90-72520-03-3 .
- H. Hardenberg: Twintig eeuwen Rijswijk. Kruseman, The Hague 1975, ISBN 90-233-0332-6 .
- EM Ch. M. Janson: Kastelen in en om Den Haag. W. van Hoeve, The Hague 1971, ISBN 978-90-222-0223-4 , pp. 76–79.
- SJ Fockema Andreae, EH ter Kuile, MD Ozinga: Duizend Jaar Bouwen in Nederland. CV Allert de Lange, Amsterdam 1948, p. 126 ( digitized ).
- DF Slothouwer: De Paleisen van Frederik Hendrik. AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1945.
web links
itemizations
- ↑ Michael Erbe : The early modern period. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-17-018973-7 , p. 156
Coordinates: 52° 2′ 56″ N , 4° 19′ 40″ E