Yah (Egyptian mythology)

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Yeh in hieroglyphics
Old empire
M17 D36 V28 N11

Middle realm
M17 D36 V28 N11
N5 		A40

New kingdom
M17 D36 V28 N12
A40

or
M17 V28 N5
N11 		C3

Gr.-Roman. time
M27 V28 N12 R8

Yeh
Jˁḥ
moon

Iah (also Yah , Jah , Jah (w) , Joh or Aah ) and merging with Thoth to form Iah-Thoth , is an ancient Egyptian moon god .

historical development

Yeah

Iah was originally an independent moon deity and later became almost completely absorbed in the god Chons . Here Iah is seen on the one hand as an adult figure of Chons, on the other hand as an independent god. In the pyramid texts , the late king proclaims that the moon ( Iah ) is his brother (text 1001) and his father (text 1104).

In the New Kingdom , Chons and Thoth largely assumed the dominant role as lunar deities, with Iah being the "moon of Thoth" and mythologically originating as Iah des Thoth on behalf of the sun god Re : "Re let Thoth encompass the two heavens". In the Theban area, on the other hand, the favored form is retained as Iah. However, the syncretism between the two gods is relatively small.

The god played a special role among the Ahmosids at the end of the 17th dynasty . There the god appeared particularly frequently in personal names such as Ahhotep (“Iah is satisfied”) or Ahmose (“Iah is born”), including with King Ahmose and his wife Ahmose Nefertari .

In later dynasties Iah was worshiped on amulets and other depictions with the motif as a standing man. He is dressed like Chons and equipped with the same moon symbols. In addition, Iah is often shown crowned with an Atef crown and another disk. Instead of the side curl of the chon, Iah wears a three-part wig with his divine beard and holds a tall staff in his hand.

See also

literature

  • Hans Bonnet : Lexicon of the Egyptian religious history. 3rd, unchanged edition, Nikol, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-937872-08-6 .
  • Alfred Grimm , Sylvia Schoske : In the sign of the moon. Egypt at the beginning of the New Kingdom. (= Writings from the Egyptian Collection. Volume 7), State Collection of Egyptian Art, Munich 1999.
  • Richard H. Wilkinson : The world of the gods in ancient Egypt. Faith, power, mythology (= The complete gods and goddesses of ancient Egypt ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8062-1819-6 .

Web links

  • Yeah www.khemet.de, accessed on March 8, 2013 .

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ Erich Robert Friedrich Ebeling, Dietz-Otto Edzard: Reallexikon der Assyriologie and Near Eastern Archeology. Vol. 5: Ia ... - Kizzuwatna. de Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig / New York 1976–1980, ISBN 3-11-007192-4 , p. 364.
  2. ↑ Richard H. Wilkinson: The world of the gods in ancient Egypt. Belief, power, mythology. Stuttgart 2003, p. 111.