Iberienzilpzalp

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Iberienzilpzalp
Iberienzilpzalp

Iberienzilpzalp

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Sylvioidea
Family : Warbler-like (Phylloscopidae)
Genre : Warbler ( Phylloscopus )
Type : Iberienzilpzalp
Scientific name
Phylloscopus ibericus
Ticehurst , 1937

The Iberian Chiffchaff ( Phylloscopus ibericus ) is a bird art from the family of the warbler-like (Phylloscopidae). The species was separated from the externally extremely similar chiffchaff ( Phylloscopus collybita ) at the end of the 1990s due to molecular genetic and song differences . The relatively small distribution area of ​​the Iberian mushroom includes northwest Africa and the Iberian Peninsula as well as the adjoining extreme southwest of France.

The population is considered stable, the Iberienzilpzalp is therefore classified by the IUCN as safe (“least concern”).

description

The Iberian Chiffchaff is extremely similar to the nominate form of the Chiffchaff ( Phylloscopus collybita collybita ); it cannot be distinguished externally at all and in the hand only in about 70% of cases. Iberian chiffchaff are like chiffchaff are small, compact and short-winged warblers with quite a large head and without any noticeable drawings. The body length is 10-11 cm. So far, the weight is only known from males; five males weighed 7.0–8.3 g in spring. The sexes do not differ externally, but males are slightly more long-winged than females.

Compared to the nominate form of the chiffchaff, the upper side of typical individuals of the Iberian chiffchaff is overall a warmer olive green. The underside of the torso is clearly three-colored: throat and chest show a dense light yellow longitudinal stripe on an olive-brown background, the belly is white and the under-tail-covers are bright lemon-yellow. The sides of the neck and chest as well as the flanks show more yellow than in P. c. collybita .

Vocalizations

The song differs significantly from the song of the chiffchaff. Each stanza usually consists of three parts and is introduced by 2 to 5 elements such as "djep-djep-djep" . These elements are very similar to the corresponding stanza elements in the chiffchaff. This is followed by 1 to 4 soft whistling tones such as "swül-swül-swül" or "swüid-swüid-swüid" at a similar distance from one another . The last part of the stanza, which can also be missing, consists of a rattling trill that comprises 3 to 7 elements.

Systematics

Due to molecular genetic and song differences, the species was separated from the chiffchaff as a separate species at the end of the 1990s . No subspecies are recognized.

distribution and habitat

The relatively small distribution area of ​​the Iberian mushroom includes northwest Africa and the Iberian Peninsula as well as the adjoining extreme southwest of France. Over 95% of the species area is in Europe, the size of the total distribution area is not exactly known. In the Pyrenees region in northeastern Spain and in the south of France there is a zone in which hybrids with the chiffchaff occur.

The Iberienzilpzalp lives in deciduous forests in the hilly and low mountain ranges.

hikes

The migratory behavior of this species is hardly known because of the difficult differentiation from the chiffchaff. In the Spanish distribution center south of the Biscay, Chiffchaff regularly overwinter, possibly including Iberian Chiffchaff. At least the population in Aquitaine leaves the breeding area in autumn and returns to the breeding grounds in the first decade of April. The main wintering area of ​​the species is probably the Maghreb , possibly also areas further south.

In Central Europe, random visitors of this kind are found. There is evidence of singing males from Lower Saxony (May 1991 and May 1992), Bavaria (April 1999) and Schleswig-Holstein (June 1999).

Existence and endangerment

The European population of the Iberian Hippopotamus is estimated at 360,000 to 530,000 breeding pairs. Most of the population lives in Spain, where around 340,000 to 400,000 pairs occur. The population is considered stable, the Iberienzilpzalp is therefore classified by the IUCN as safe (“least concern”).

Remarks

  1. ↑ audio sample

supporting documents

literature

Web links

Single receipts

  1. ↑ UN Glutz v. Blotzheim and KM Bauer: Handbook of the birds of Central Europe . Vol. 12, Part II., AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1991, ISBN 3-89104-460-7 : p. 1287
  2. ↑ UN Glutz v. Blotzheim and KM Bauer: Handbook of the birds of Central Europe . Vol. 12, Part II., AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1991, ISBN 3-89104-460-7 : p. 1286
  3. ↑ UN Glutz v. Blotzheim and KM Bauer: Handbook of the birds of Central Europe . Vol. 12, Part II., AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1991, ISBN 3-89104-460-7 : pp. 1286-1287
  4. ^ Lars Svensson, Peter J. Grant, Killian Mullarney, Dan Zetterström: Der neue Kosmos Vogelführer . Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07720-9 : p. 306
  5. ↑ Helbig, AJ, J. Martens, I. Seibold, F. Henning, B. Schottler and M. Wink: Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence. Ibis 138 (4), 1996: pp. 650-666
  6. ↑ Birds of the World - current valid scientific avian names. (Online, accessed May 18, 2011
  7. ↑ a b Der Iberienzilpzalp at BirdLife International (online, accessed on May 18, 2011)
  8. ↑ UN Glutz v. Blotzheim and KM Bauer: Handbook of the birds of Central Europe . Vol. 12, Part II., AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1991, ISBN 3-89104-460-7 : p. 1290
  9. ↑ UN Glutz v. Blotzheim and KM Bauer: Handbook of the birds of Central Europe . Vol. 12, Part II., AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1991, ISBN 3-89104-460-7 : pp. 1288-1289
  10. ↑ Bauer et al., P. 193