Ibn Yasin

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Abdallah ibn Yasin ( Arabic عبد الله بن ياسين, DMG ʿAbd Allāh b. Yāsīn ; † 1059 ) was a theologian and founder of the Almoravid movement .

Live and act

Ibn Yasin came from the Sanhajah tribe of the Jazzula (Gazula). He was a legal scholar of the Malikites and was invited in 1046 by the leader of the Judala, Yahya ibn Ibrahim , to preach his teachings among the Berbers of the western Sahara . The Sanhajah had only been superficially Islamized until then and still followed many pagan practices. Ibn Yasin preached a Puritan Orthodox Sunni Islam to the Sanhajah of the western Sahara .

However, in 1048, after the death of his patron Yahya ibn Ibrahim, he was expelled from the Judala and had to retreat south with his followers, where he founded a ribat in Mauritania . After entering into an alliance with Yahya ibn Umar , the leader of the Lamtuna tribe , they were able to make the Judala submissive again.

Ibn Yasin together with Yahya ibn Umar from the tribes of the Lamtuna , Masufa and Judala formed the fighting league of the Almoravids . He took over the spiritual leadership and Yahya ibn Umar the military command of the movement. In 1054 the Sidschilmasa ruled by the Magrawa was conquered. Ibn Yasin introduced his puritanical order, u. a. If wine and music were forbidden, non-Islamic taxes were abolished and 1/5 of the spoils of war were given to religious scholars. Against this rigorous interpretation of Islam, there was an uprising in Sidschilmasa as early as 1055 .

Yahya ibn Umar fell in 1056 in the battle of Tabfarilla in the Adrar Mauritania against the Judala after they had terminated the alliance. Then appointed Ibn Yasin Yahya's brother Abu Bakr ibn Umar (1056- 1087 ) to the new military leader and Emir . This destroyed Sidschilmasa, but could not force the Judala back into the Almoravid League.

Ibn Yasin fell in 1059 while attempting to subjugate the Bargawata on the Atlantic coast . He is replaced by Sulayman ibn Haddu , who is also killed but is no longer replaced in turn. His tomb is near Casablanca .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Abdallah Laroui, L'Histoire du Maghreb, 1982, ISBN 2-7071-1359-X , p.151.

literature

predecessor Office successor
- Almoravid ruler
(first with Yahya ibn Ibrahim then with Yahya ibn Umar, last with Abu Bakr ibn Umar )
1040–1059 		Abu Bakr ibn Umar
personal data
SURNAME Ibn Yasin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ibn Yasin, Abdallah; عبد الله بن ياسين (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Theologian and founder of the Almoravid movement
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century or 11th century
DATE OF DEATH 1059