Ida Maly

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Ida Maly, self-portrait, around 1920

Ida Sofia Maly (born October 22, 1894 in Vienna , † February 20, 1941 in the Nazi killing center Hartheim in Upper Austria ) was an Austrian painter. She was murdered by the National Socialists as part of the Nazi "euthanasia" program .

Life

Original letter dated February 11, 1941, which was shown in an exhibition in Linz in 2008.

Ida Maly grew up in Graz . After finishing school, she attended the regional art school in Graz and then studied for a year in Vienna. In 1928 she came to the Feldhof psychiatric hospital in Graz with the diagnosis of schizophrenia . After the so-called “ Anschluss of Austria ” in 1938 to Nazi Germany, she was transported in February 1941 as part of the so-called “ Aktion T4 ” to the Nazi killing center Hartheim in Hartheim Castle near Alkoven near Linz in Upper Austria.

Under the innocuous name “Landesanstalt Hartheim”, Ida Maly's mother, Sophie Maly , who lives in Graz , was informed in a letter dated February 11, 1941 that “your daughter Ida Maly had been transferred to our institution on the basis of a ministerial order [...] and arrived safely here ”. It also states that visits are currently "not permitted for reasons related to the defense of the Reich", information on the telephone is not given and any changes in the patient's condition are to be communicated immediately, and that further inquiries are to be refrained from. For this purpose, a pre-printed standard letter was used, which had only been supplemented by a few individual details, such as the date, diary number, recipient address, family details and the patient's name.

→ See illustration of the original transfer notification

This misleading of relatives, with which inquiries should be kept small from the beginning, was part of the "program" of the National Socialist murders as part of "Action T4". In reality, Ida Maly was gassed in the Nazi killing center in Hartheim , which usually took place on the day of arrival or on the following day. As with all those murdered in Hartheim, her body was disposed of by burning. The relatives then usually received fictitious medical histories with misleading clues as to natural causes of death and fake but official death certificates. Often the relatives were billed for bogus costs. They were also given an urn containing cremation ashes that were not identical to the ashes of the person killed.

Maly's works with their own imagery of modern painting were forgotten. Maly only became known again through an exhibition in 2005 in the Neue Galerie Graz .

literature

  • Tom Matzek : The Murder Castle. On the trail of Nazi crimes in Hartheim Castle . 1st edition, Kremayr & Scheriau Verlag, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-218-00710-0 . ( Description of contents )
  • Ernst Klee: "Euthanasia" in the Nazi state. The "destruction of life unworthy of life" . 11th edition, Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2004 (= Fischer-Taschenbücher, No. 4326; The time of National Socialism ), ISBN 3-596-24326-2 .
  • Günter Holler-Schuster: Ida Maly: An outsider of modernity . Exhibition catalog, Neue Galerie Graz at the Landesmuseum Joanneum, Graz 2005, ISBN 3-902241-10-1 .

Web links

Commons : Ida Maly  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annette Rainer: Ida Sofia Maly, painter, 1894–1941 ( Memento of the original from February 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Online at: City of Graz, accessed on March 5, 2009. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.graz.at
  2. ↑ Brigitte Kepplinger : The Hartheim Killing Center 1940–1945. (PDF file; 197 kB) In: antifa-info.at. Retrieved February 21, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Tom Matzeck: The Murder Castle. On the trail of Nazi crimes in Hartheim Castle . Vienna 2002.
  4. ^ ORF Steiermark Anna Lehninger: Ida Maly - Outsider of Modernism , (accessed on March 5, 2009)
  5. ^ Institut Hartheim exhibition Ida Maly - Happy 111th birthday , curator: Anna Lehninger, Schloss Hartheim Alkoven 2005/2006.
personal data
SURNAME Maly, Ida
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maly, Ida Sofia (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian painter
DATE OF BIRTH October 22, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH February 20, 1941
Place of death Nazi killing center Hartheim , Upper Austria