Indigo (color)

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Indigo (spectral)
color code: # 6F00FF
Indigo (web color)
color code: # 4B0082

Indigo is the hue of light with an emission maximum between 425 nm and 450 nm. Light with this color stimulus can also be remitted as body color . It corresponds to a deep shade of blue between the basic color blue and the mixed color purple .

etymology

The color name is derived from the dye of the same name. This is obtained from the indigo plant and used to dye clothing. India is the oldest center where indigo was used for dyeing, even before this color came to Europe in ancient times. This is how the word indikon (= Indian) entered the Greek language. From ancient Rome the word “indicum” came into the Italian dialect and from there into the European languages.

Color theory

Indigo describes several hues between blue and violet and differs from both the spectral color violet and the mixed color purple . A distinction must be made between this and the color tone that is created when textiles are dyed with indigo: this tends to be green.

  • The most saturated hue is spectral indigo, as can be seen in the rainbow . The representation in hexadecimal form must be specified with # 6F00FF, in RGB with (111, 0, 255) and in HSV with (266, 100, 100). It cannot be displayed in its necessary purity on the computer screen because it is outside the gamut of the monitor basic colors defined for the RGB color space .
  • The indigo of the HTML color is a blue-violet or tiefindigo. It is somewhat clearer than the pigment indigo, but does not have the color strength of the spectral color. It can be specified in hexadecimal with # 8A2BE2, in RGB as (138, 43, 226) and in HSV as (271, 81, 89).
  • The pigment indigo is close to the web indigo and is usually achieved by the indigo of colored pencils. In colorimetry it is described in hexadecimal as # 4B0082, in RGB = (75, 0, 130), in HSV as (275, 100, 50). It is the artist's color indigo, in the CMYK of color prints it can be reproduced from 55% pigment cyan and 45% pigment magenta. Because of the properties, the screen's web indigo can be more brilliant than pigment indigo.

The dye indigo, on the other hand, differs from the other tones. The colorimetric coordinates are hexadecimal # 00416A, RGB = (0, 65, 106), HSV = (203, 100, 42).

use

In the 1950s, pigment indigo was the common color in pigments, lacquers and for colored pencils. Since the range of color pigments has increased since then, it no longer has this sole meaning. In the 1970s, the pigments luminescent indigo and light blue violet appeared, which are now more widely used for artist paints and colored pencils.

With the psychedelic movement, the Hindu teachings of the "strange" indigo between purple and blue were brought to Europe. Indigo is the color of the sixth chakra . The possibility of creating psychedelic violet blue tones for fairy lights brought the indigo colored chains to spread during the Christmas season or for party lighting. The mercury line at 435.833 nm is used for indigo in fluorescent lamps.

Newton's indigo

Isaac Newton named indigo as one of the "seven colors" in the optical spectrum, although there is actually a continuum. He chose seven because it symbolically corresponded to the number of planets known at the time (in addition, seven days of the week and the like). In this order with increasing wavelength follows: violet → indigo → blue → green → yellow → orange → red.

Since the human eye is comparatively insensitive in this spectral range, indigo is more likely to be perceived as a shade of violet or blue. Colorimetricians often circumvent this by setting the delimitation of violet to blue at 450 nm.

Añil

In rural Mexico, indigo is called "añil", after the Spanish Arabic anníl or annír, the classical Arabic níl [aǧ], the Persian nil and nīla in Sanskrit. After silver and the cochineal scale used to produce red, añil was the third most important export item in historic Mexico. The Mexican “añil” refers to Indigofera suffruticosa, “índigo” to Indigofera tinct. Combined with lime, it shaped the bases of Mediterranean buildings as well as the facades of Mexico. A weatherproof variant is Mayan blue , in which indigo is combined with palygorskite . Corporations today sell a similar color as “azul colonial”.

literature

Movie

  • The guardians of color. Documentary, Germany, 2019, 42:47 min., Script and director: Janina Möbius, production: arte , first broadcast: March 2, 2020 on arte, synopsis by ARD .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Wenzel: AGFA light filter . fotokino-verlag, Halle 1957, DNB 455464820 .
  2. ↑ Duden 7, 1963, page 285; see. Indigo, der oder das. In: duden.de , accessed on March 21, 2020.
  3. ↑ Color Conversion Tool: Convert RGB: # 6F00FF. In: toolstud.io .
  4. ↑ cf. indigo blue (R) • NBS-ISCC color number 183. ( Memento from September 27, 2018 in the Internet Archive ). In: ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo (u) r names Legend and Tables , 1955.
  5. ↑ Samantha Stevens: The Seven Rays: a Universal Guide to the Archangels. Insomniac Press, 2004, ISBN 1894663497 , pg. 24.
  6. ^ Alice A. Bailey : The Seven Rays of Life . Lucis Publishing Company, New York 1995, ISBN 0853301425 .
  7. ↑ Craig F. Bohren and Eugene E. Clothiaux: Fundamentals of Atmospheric Radiation . Wiley-VCH, 2006, ISBN 3527405038 .
  8. ↑ Regional languages ​​called it jiquelite, huiquilitle, haceoilli, mahuitle, tlaceoitli, xuquiilitl, coh. After Rosa Gallego, Juan Carlos Sanz: Diccionario Akal del color . Akal, 2001, ISBN 978-84-460-1083-8 .
  9. ↑ according to the article "añil". Secretaría d Educacion Pública: Enciclopedia de México, vol 1 . Mexico City 1987.
  10. ↑ Spanish Wikipedia: " Azul Maya "