Indutiomarus

Indutiomarus († 53 BC ) was a prince or king ( Latin princeps ) of the Celtic tribe of the Treveri . He was the "head of the independence party" among the Treverians, opponent of the Rome-friendly Prince Cingetorix , who was his son-in-law. Our knowledge of him is based on De bello Gallico by Gaius Iulius Caesar and on the Roman history of Cassius Dio .

Clashes in the Gallic War

Early 54 BC During the Gallic War , Caesar marched into the Treveri tribal area with four legions (around 15,000 men) and 800 horsemen .

Two princes fought for supremacy at the Trevern. Cingetorix was friendly to Rome and assured Caesar of his loyalty, while Indutiomarus drew together foot troops and cavalry and prepared for war. The greater part of the Treverian nobility, however, leaned towards the position of Cingetorix, so that Indutiomarus also gave in for the time being. Because of his plans for the second crossing to Britain, Caesar contented himself with the placement of 200 hostages by Indutiomarus, among them his son and all his relatives, whom Caesar knew by name. In addition, Caesar strengthened the position of the Indutiomarus opponent Cingetorix, which Indutiomarus interpreted as a serious offense.

End of 54 BC In the 4th century BC Indutiomarus incited the kings of the Eburones , Ambiorix and Catuvolcus , who lived next door to the Treveri , to revolt. After the destruction of fifteen cohorts near Atuatuca by Ambiorix, the Treveri under Indutiomarus and numerous other tribes joined the uprising and besieged the winter camp of the legate Titus Labienus , while the Eburones and some other tribes attacked the winter camp of the legate Quintus Tullius Cicero . At the same time, Indutiomarus sent all winter 54/53 BC. Embassies to the Germanic tribes on the right bank of the Rhine in order to persuade them to participate in the uprising by promises.

After Caesar's victory over the Eburones at the winter camp of Ciceros, Indutiomarus broke off the siege and returned with his troops to the area of the Treveri. The reputation of Indutiomarus became so great "in all of Gaul" that he received embassies from everywhere and also had a large influx of armed men. At this time, Indutiomarus ordered an "armed state parliament" in Latin armatum concilium , which, according to Gallic custom, meant the opening of a war. He declared the Rome-friendly Cingetorix to be the enemy of the tribe and confiscated his goods.

Subsequently, Indutiomarus resumed the siege of the fortified camp of Labienus. Indutiomarus showed himself daily in front of the Roman entrenchments and treated the Romans with a daily growing contempt. But Labienus let the cavalry of the neighboring tribes, which he had called up for a certain day, make a sortie . The cavalry had orders to get hold of Indutiomarus, which they succeeded. He was slain at a ford and his head was taken to Labienus' camp. After this event, Caesar got a little more calm in Gaul.

The relatives of Indutiomarus continued the uprising, but were defeated by Labienus. The Treveri submitted, and the son-in-law of Indutiomarus, Cingetorix, was again transferred to the supreme leadership in war and peace.

There are suspicions that the Celtic ring wall of Nonnweiler-Otzenhausen (Saarland) was inhabited by the noble clan of Indutiomarus, because the complex was apparently abandoned shortly after the defeat of Indutiomarus - "in contrast to the observation of other Oppida ".

Others

The Trever prince Indutiomarus must not be confused with the Allobroger prince of the same name, who lived in 69 BC. In Marcus Tullius Cicero's speech Pro M. Fonteio is named as a witness in a trial.

swell

Gaius Iulius Caesar: De bello Gallico V, 3, 36, 53, 55, 58.
Cassius Dio: Roman History. XL 11, 31.
Florus: Epitoma de Tito Livio bellorum omnium annorum, VII Bellum Gallicum. XLV.

literature

Indutiomarus or Inductiomarus, 2 . In: William Smith (Ed.): Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology . tape 2 : Ea'rinus, Fla'vius – Nyx . Little, Brown and Company, Boston 1870, p. 573 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ). - (Reprint: IB Tauris, London 2007, ISBN 978-1-84511-002-4 .)
Friedrich Münzer : Indutiomarus 2. In: Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume IX, 2, Stuttgart 1916, Col. 1535 f.
Manfred Peter: Indutiomarus - the lord of the ring wall Otzenhausen, attempt at a biography. Burr, Nonnweiler 2009, ISBN 978-3-9813149-1-5 .

Footnotes

↑ Indutiomarus or Inductiomarus, 2 . In: William Smith (Ed.): Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology . tape 2 : Ea'rinus, Fla'vius – Nyx . Little, Brown and Company, Boston 1870, p. 573 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
↑ De bello Gallico. V, 3, 36, 53, 55, 58.
^ Cassius Dio: Roman History. XL 11, 31.
↑ Indutiomarus' justification: De bello Gallico V, 3.
^ Sabine Rieckhoff, Jörg Biel (Ed.): The Celts in Germany. Stuttgart 2001, p. 436.
↑ Martin Schanz , Carl Hosius (1927, 4th edition): History of Roman literature: up to the legislative work of Emperor Justinian. P. 413 ( books.google.de )

personal data
SURNAME	Indutiomarus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Prince or King of the Treveri
DATE OF BIRTH	2nd century BC BC or 1st century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH	53 BC Chr.

[1] Indutiomarus or Inductiomarus, 2 . In: William Smith (Ed.): Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology . tape 2 : Ea'rinus, Fla'vius – Nyx . Little, Brown and Company, Boston 1870, p. 573 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).

[2] De bello Gallico. V, 3, 36, 53, 55, 58.

[3] Cassius Dio: Roman History. XL 11, 31.

[4] Indutiomarus' justification: De bello Gallico V, 3.

[5] Sabine Rieckhoff, Jörg Biel (Ed.): The Celts in Germany. Stuttgart 2001, p. 436.

[6] Martin Schanz , Carl Hosius (1927, 4th edition): History of Roman literature: up to the legislative work of Emperor Justinian. P. 413 ( books.google.de )