Ingenuus

Ingenuus († 260 ) was probably Roman governor in the province of Lower Pannonia and usurper against Emperor Gallienus in the middle of the 3rd century .

Originally Ingenuus was entrusted with the military education of Valerianus Caesar , the son of the co-emperor Gallienus . After the boy's sudden death (258), he found himself in an increasingly critical position. After Ingenuus 260 of the capture of Emperor Valerian in the Sassanid Empire had heard he was in Sirmium to Roman Emperor exclaim. Soon he also had the province of Moesia behind him.

Gallienus acted immediately, left his younger son Saloninus in Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne) and quickly set off for Pannonia with troops from the Rhine Army, Upper Germany and Raetia . But even before his arrival, the Dakier Aureolus , a cavalry commander, who had marched up from northern Italy, had defeated Ingenuus on the lower reaches of the Drava near Mursa in late summer or early autumn . The later emperor Claudius Gothicus was also involved in these battles . The usurper's army was defeated, Ingenuus himself was slain by his bodyguard after the defeat.

The criminal court that Gallienus allegedly opened over the members of the rebellious troops following this victory is said to have drawn the mutineers to Regalianus , who was then appointed counter-emperor himself in Carnuntum . and had coins minted for himself and his wife Dryantilla. Coins with the name of Ingenuus are not known.

swell

Aurelius Victor , De caesaribus 33.2
Eutropius 9.8
Historia Augusta , Thirty Tyrants 9
John Zonaras 12:24

Web links

William Leadbetter: Short biography (English) at De Imperatoribus Romanis (with references).

literature

Jenő Fitz : Ingenuus et Régalien (= Collection Latomus . Volume LXXXI). Latomus, Brussels 1966 (not evaluated).

Remarks

^ ^A ^b Karl Christ: History of the Roman Empire. From Augustus to Constantine. 5th, revised edition, Munich 2005, p. 670.
↑ ^a ^b Helmut Halfmann: Gallienus 253-268. In: Manfred Clauss (Ed.): The Roman Emperors. Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-47288-5 , pp. 229-235, here: p. 230.
^ Egon Schallmayer: The Limes. Story of a border. Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-48018-8 . P. 64.
^ Ulrich Huttner, Andreas Goltz, Udo Hartmann , Andreas Lutter, Klaus-Peter Johne, Gerald Kreucher: The events of the history of the empire. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (Ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 3-05-004529-9 , pp. 159–424, here: p. 263.
^ Christian Körner: Philippus Arabs. de Gruyter, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-11-017205-4 . P. 303.

personal data
SURNAME	Ingenuus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Roman counter-emperor
DATE OF BIRTH	2nd century or 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH	260

[Christ2005_670-1] A ^b Karl Christ: History of the Roman Empire. From Augustus to Constantine. 5th, revised edition, Munich 2005, p. 670.

[Halfmann2005_230-2] Helmut Halfmann: Gallienus 253-268. In: Manfred Clauss (Ed.): The Roman Emperors. Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-47288-5 , pp. 229-235, here: p. 230.

[3] Egon Schallmayer: The Limes. Story of a border. Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-48018-8 . P. 64.

[4] Ulrich Huttner, Andreas Goltz, Udo Hartmann , Andreas Lutter, Klaus-Peter Johne, Gerald Kreucher: The events of the history of the empire. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (Ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 3-05-004529-9 , pp. 159–424, here: p. 263.

[5] Christian Körner: Philippus Arabs. de Gruyter, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-11-017205-4 . P. 303.