Inkatha Freedom Party
| Inkatha Freedom Party | |
|---|---|
| Party leader | Velenkosini Hlabisa |
| founding | March 21, 1975 by Mangosuthu Buthelezi |
| Headquarters |
Durban , KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa 
|
| Alignment |
Federalism conservatism economic liberalism anticommunism Zulu - nationalism |
| Colours) | red |
| National Assembly |
14/400 |
| National Council of Provinces |
2/90 |
| Provincial Legislature |
14/430 |
| Website | www.ifp.org.za |
The Inkatha Freedom Party ( IFP ) is a political party in South Africa .
history
.jpg)
The IFP was founded in 1975 by Mangosuthu Buthelezi . To establish it, the Zulu leader Buthelezi used the structures of a Zulu cultural organization that had existed since the 1920s and was called Inkatha . The party was formed in KwaZulu - Homeland . Most of the members of the party are still Zulu today, even if the party is open to people from all ethnic groups.
The Inkatha Freedom Party sees itself as anti-communist and as a counterparty to the African National Congress (ANC). During the apartheid period , unlike the ANC, it sought to cooperate with the white government.
The opposing positions of the ANC and Inkatha Freedom Party led to mutual attacks and fights between the two sides, especially from 1989 onwards. The riots killed around 7,000 people. It was not until Nelson Mandela succeeded in integrating Buthelezi into the new government in 1994 that the unrest stopped.
Buthelezi resigned from the party leadership in August 2019 and was replaced by the former IFP general secretary Velenkosini Hlabisa.
Election results
From 1994 to 2004 the Inkatha Freedom Party was the third largest party and was also involved in the government. In the province of KwaZulu-Natal , she was the prime minister from 1994 to 2004. In the nationwide election in 2009 , it lost considerably in votes and with 4.55% of the vote was only the fourth strongest force behind the newly founded ANC spin-off Congress of the People . Before the 2014 elections , the National Freedom Party (NFP) split from the IFP, which only received 2.40% of the vote. The IFP remained the fourth largest party. In the 2016 state- wide local elections , to which the NFP was not allowed, the IFP received 4.3% of the vote and became the strongest party in seven municipalities. In the parliamentary elections of 2019, Inkatha was able to win back the majority of the votes it lost in 2014. In the KwaZulu-Natal provincial assembly , the party was able to regain its status as the second largest party and thus as the official opposition, with 16.3%.
- Results of the National Assembly elections
| year | choice | Share of votes | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 |
General election in South Africa 1994
|
10.50% |
43/400 |
| 1999 |
General election in South Africa 1999
|
8.90% |
34/400 |
| 2004 |
General election in South Africa 2004
|
6.97% |
28/400 |
| 2009 |
General election in South Africa 2009
|
4.55% |
18/400 |
| 2014 |
General election in South Africa 2014
|
2.40% |
10/400 |
| 2019 |
General election in South Africa 2019
|
3.38% |
14/400 |
Media reception
The political conflicts between the Inkatha Freedom Party and the African National Congress in Natal and Transvaal, which have come to a head since the mid-1980s, are discussed in the feature film The Bang Bang Club . Self-defense forces from some townships and former members of Koevoet were also involved in these armed and bloody unrest, with innumerable deaths .
literature
- Stephan Kaußen: From apartheid to democracy. The political transformation of South Africa. Westdeutscher Verlag, Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 3-531-14112-0 , (also: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2003).
- Smilo Mathy: System change in South Africa. Interests, strategies and influence of the Inkatha movement in the transformation process (= Institute for Development Research and Development Policy, Ruhr University Bochum. Materials and Small Writings 167). Institute for Development Research and Development Policy, Bochum 1998, ISBN 3-927276-53-7 .
- Hans Maria Heyn: Opposition parties' possibilities of influencing the one-party-dominant political system using the example of South Africa. Berlin, 2010 (Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2009).
See also
Web links
- Official website of the IFP (English)
- System change in South Africa - interests, strategies and influence of the Inkatha movement in the South African transformation process (PDF file; 786 kB)
- Opposition parties' influence in South Africa - Dissertation on the development of the opposition in South Africa in the post-apartheid era
Individual evidence
- ^ Paddy Harper: Leader's principal aim to build IFP. Mail & Guardian of September 27, 2019 (English), accessed on September 27, 2019
- ↑ 2016 election results (PDF), accessed on August 14, 2016
- ↑ SAIRR : Race Relations Survey 1991/92 . Johannesburg 1992, pp. Lxiii to lxvi