Isoodon fusciventer
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Isoodon fusciventer on a street in Western Australia |
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| Isoodon fusciventer | ||||||||||||
| ( Gray , 1841) |
Isoodon fusciventer is a marsupial from the genus of the short-nosed butler , which occurs in the southwest of Western Australia and iscalled Quenda in its homeland.
features
Outwardly, Isoodon fusciventer cannot be distinguished from the Kleiner Kurznasenbeutler. Like him, he has a plump figure, a snout that is quite short and conical for a noseband and small ears. The fur is dark brown to dark gray, the bristly hair has black tips. The peritoneum is softer than the back fur and is light gray, often with a yellowish tinge. The head body length is 28 to 36 cm, plus a 9 to 14.5 cm long tail. The weight is between 400 and 1800 g. Adult males are up to 40% heavier than females.
Craniometric data and differences in tooth morphology are mentioned as diagnostic features that distinguish the species from the small short-nosed pouch . The animals have a long, high ridge on the first molar , which is short and low in all other short-nosed buttocks, as well as two humps that have grown together, which are clearly separated in other short-nosed buttocks. The second and third premolar in Isoodon fusciventer are about the same size, in the large short-nosed pouch the second is smaller than the third.
Way of life
Like all short-nosed beetles , Isoodon fusciventer is largely nocturnal and spends the day in nests made of dry grass and leaves. The animals feed mainly on insects and other invertebrates, fruits and seeds. It also eats small vertebrates. Prey living in the ground is sniffed out and dug up with the strong front paws.
Reproduction
The female gives birth to one to six young per litter. The bag opens backwards and has eight teats. The gestation period is two weeks. The young are suckled for about 60 days. The mortality among young animals is high. Females reach sexual maturity at four to five months, while males take one month longer to reach sexual maturity.
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1841 by John Edward Gray under the name Perameles fusciventer within the genus of the long-nosed pouches ( Perameles ). Gray already emphasized the similarity with the small short-nosed pouch , which was still known to him as Perameles obesula (today Isoodon obesulus ).
The species was subsequently considered to be a subspecies of the small short-nosed pouch ( Isoodon obesulus ) until the beginning of 2018 , but has been listed as an independent species again since 2018, as an examination of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA ( core DNA ) of the nasal sacs showed that the shape did not exist Klade forms together with the small short-nosed pouch, but occupies a basal position within the short-nosed pouch and is the sister species of a Klade of all other short-nosed pouches.
Danger
Isoodon fusciventer is quite common again in its range and increased again after a sharp decline after the red fox population had been significantly reduced since the mid-1990s. The IUCN still evaluates the taxon as a subspecies of Isoodon obesulus and assesses the population as Least Concern .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Christopher Dickman : Family Peramelidae (Bandicoots and Echymiperas). In: Don E. Wilson , Russell A. Mittermeier : Handbook of the Mammals of the World - Volume 5. Monotremes and Marsupials. Lynx Editions, 2015, ISBN 978-84-96553-99-6 , p. 389.
- ↑ a b Kenny Travouillon , Matthew J. Phillips: Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species . In: Zootaxa. 4378 (2), 2018, pp. 224-256.
- ^ JE Gray: Contributions towards the Geographical distribution of the Mammalia of Australia, with notes on some recently discovered species. In: G. Gray (Ed.): Journals of two expeditions of discovery in north-west and western Australia: during the years 1837, 38, and 39, under the authority of Her Majesty's government. Describing many newly discovered, important, and fertile districts, with observations on the moral and physical condition of the aboriginal inhabitants, & c., & C. , Volume 2, Appendix C, T. & W. Boone, London, 1841, p. 407, ( preview ).
- ↑ M. Westerman, BP Kear, K. Aplin, RW Meredith, C. Emerling, MS Springer: Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (1), Jan 2012, pp. 97-108. doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2011.09.009
- ↑ Isoodon obesulus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2019. Posted by: AA Burbidge & J. Woinarski, 2014. Accessed August 24 of 2019.