Ivanovo (Serbia)
Ivanovo ( Serbian - Cyrillic Иваново , Hungarian Sándoregyháza , German Alexanderkirchen ) is a village in the Opština Pančevo in the southern Banat district of Serbia with a majority Hungarian population (40%). The next largest ethnic group is made up of the Bulgarians .
Geographical location
The village is located 15 km south of Pančevo and 20 km southeast of Belgrade on the southern border of the Banat in a lowland between the Danube and an oxbow lake. Due to the natural delimitation by the Danube, the place can only be reached by taking the road from Pančevo via Starćevo and Omoljica. Due to the great distance to the sea, the prevailing continental climate is: cold and snowy in winter, hot and dry in summer. The soils are fertile. Alluvial forests along the waters are suitable for cattle breeding, black earth behind the high banks enable high-yielding harvests.
history
The area of Ivanovo belonged to Austria-Hungary until 1918 . Today's town was re-established in 1868 according to plans by the Vienna Court Chamber, as the old town in the floodplain was no longer tenable due to the ongoing flooding. First Danube Swabians from the Banat and Catholic Bulgarians ( Paulikians ) from Dudeştii Vechi (now the Romanian Banat) were settled. In 1872 the military border was dissolved. Ivanovo was no longer directly subordinate to the Viennese central offices and administered as an imperial province, but from then on belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary . In the course of the Magyarization , the place was now officially called Sándoregyháza and reinforced with resettled Hungarians ( Szeklers ) from Bukovina . The neighboring communities of Skorenovac (Hungarian: Szekelykeve) and Vojlovica (Hungarian: Hertelendyfalva) were also affected by this Hungarian resettlement policy .
After the First World War, the Banat was divided up on the basis of the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and the greater part was added to Romania. Sándoregyháza fell to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and officially took the name Ivanovo again.
Demographics
Population distribution
| year | total | Hungary | Bulgarians | Serbs | Yugoslavs | Slovaks | Others | German |
| 1869 | 824 | 0.00% | ND % | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ND % |
| 1880 | 724 | 0.00% | ND % | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ND % |
| 1890 | 2.129 | ND % | ND % | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ND % |
| 1991 | 1,439 | 46.14% | 27.44% | 10.42% | 11.60% | 0.76% | 0.13% | 0.00% |
| 2002 | 1.131 | 39.96% | 27.14% | 19.71% | 2.12% | 1.32% | 4.68% | 0.00% |
Note: Until 1880 only Germans and Catholic Bulgarians lived in Ivanovo. Hungarians were added in 1883. Before 1991, there were also censuses in Ivanovo, but only for the entire municipality ( Opština ), but not broken down by locality. ND means that these ethnic groups were represented. With the expulsion of the German population, the ethnic structure of the place changed. The gaps in the settlement created by the exodus of the Danube Swabians were closed again by settlers (colonists) from Macedonia and southern Serbia. It can be assumed that the proportion of the German population was around 10% up to 1944. After 1991 the population structure changed again in favor of the Serbs. Reason: Many (especially young) Hungarians fled to Hungary for fear of being recruited into the Yugoslav Army, and like most places in Vojvodina, Ivanovo had to take in Serbian refugees from Krajina and Bosnia , and later also from Kosovo .
The cultural association of Banat Bulgarians Ivanovo 1868 has existed in the village for several years .
Web links
- Aleksandr D. Duličenko: Banat Bulgarian
- Ivanovo on the Pančevo website (Serbian)
Coordinates: 44 ° 44 ′ 10 ″ N , 20 ° 42 ′ 2 ″ E