Skorenovac
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Скореновац Skorenovac |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : | Serbia | ||||
| Province : | Vojvodina | ||||
| Okrug : | Okrug Južni Banat | ||||
| Opština : | Opština Kovin | ||||
| Coordinates : | 44 ° 46 ' N , 20 ° 54' E | ||||
| Height : | 73 m. i. J. | ||||
| Residents : | 2,354 (2011) | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+381) 013 | ||||
| Postal code : | 26228 | ||||
| License plate : | KO | ||||
| Structure and administration | |||||
| Community type: | settlement | ||||
| Others | |||||
| Patron saint : | Saint Stephen | ||||
| City Festival : | 20th of August | ||||
Skorenovac ( Serbian - Cyrillic Скореновац ; German : Skorenowatz ; Hungarian : Székelykeve ) is a village in the Opština Kovin in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina .
geography
The next larger towns are Kovin (approx. 6 km), Smederevo (approx. 17 km), Pančevo (approx. 30 km) and Belgrade (approx. 46 km).
history
General story
Until 1887 there was a village located southwest of Pločica directly on the Danube called Djurdjevo or Đurđevo (Hungarian: Gyurgyova ) as an independent municipality. In 1869 396 people lived there. In 1880 the village had 66 houses and 298 inhabitants. In 1882 the first Hungarian Szeklers came to the village. In 1887 the population of the village was relocated to what is now Skorenovac and Ivanovo . The reason for the relocation was a devastating flood with almost complete destruction of the village. The village Djurdjevo or Đurđevo was named on the maps of the Franzisko-Josephinische Landaufnahme .
The village Skorenovac, at that time Székelykeve called, was established in 1887 at the time of Franz Joseph I founded. At the time of the village settlement, the area was in the Temes County of the Kingdom of Hungary . In 1890 Skorenovac had 531 houses and in 1910 it had 685 houses. The majority of the original settlers were Szeklers who came from Bukovina . Several German families from Plandište and Pločica and some Bulgarian families from Dudeştii Vechi also settled in Skorenovac during the same period. Since 1918 the village belonged to the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes , which was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929 .
Historical names of the village and the area
Historical names of the area:
- Zkorenovetz Terra (1412)
- Zkorenocz Puszta
- Villa Regalis (1428)
Historical names of the village:
- Székelykeve (1886–1922)
- Skorenovac (since 1922)
- Skorenowatz (outdated in German )
Economy, religion and school pan
In 1885 the first permanent teacher came to the village of Gyurgyova and in 1886 to Skorenovac. His name was János Mischel. In 1886 the first judge and mayor of Skorenovac was Ágoston Kollár (1886-1890).
Construction of the school was completed in 1889. The teachers in the school were: Johan Steiner (headmaster and teacher), János Mischel (teacher), Ottlilia Müller (teacher) and Etelka Somogyi (teacher). In the school year 1905/1906 the school had 561 students. During this time, elementary school went up to 6th grade. The school board members in the 1930s were Imre Lászlo, Mihály Feher, Francz Wintergerst, Bóna Boszilkov, József Medgyessy and András Varga.
On December 18, 1892 a church (Roman Catholic) was built. The first pastor was Ferenc Deleme (1892–1898). On November 25, 1894, the peasant-creditors' association was founded; it had 71 members; The president was Br. Ferenc Deleme. On October 6, 1895, a library was established with 50 members. The president was Ferenc Deleme, although János Hajagos was the librarian. In 1898 the first doctor in the village was Dr. József Klein. A year later, in 1899, the volunteer fire brigade was founded; its president was Kirchgäsner Johan and the fire chief was Johan Mischel. The fire brigade had 60 members. Another year later, in 1900, Dr. Edét Urbanek, the first permanent doctor in the village.
In 1906 the Jägerbund was established with 14 members. Gyula Szabatka and Dezsö Töry were the founders. In 1912 the first motorized large mill was opened , owned by Katalin Rüger. The mill ran until the mid-1970s when it closed. On April 27, 1913, the consumer association was founded. The president was Wikel Aladár and the union had 128 members. In the same year a goods store opened.
The Red Cross began humanitarian work in 1924, but the organization was officially established in 1931. The organization had 57 members; its president was Dr. Imre László. In 1925 the Kulturbund (ung .: Kultúrszövetség) was founded. Until 1948 he was known as KUD Petofi Sándor . In 1932 the Association of Craftsmen was founded with Bircsák András, a shoemaker, as president.
On June 14, 1932, the soccer club Kék Duna ( Cyrillic Plavi Dunav ) was founded. President was Milivoj Durkin and Vice-President Dr. Imre László. The players were: Antal Fazekas, János Szirák, Stanko Erdeljan, József Borsós, János Brasnyó, József Boszilkov, Hubert Pubi, István Kiss, Imre Galac, Tamás Jung, Dezsö Kovacevic, István Urbán, Imre Komáromi, Jáno Mánoslavléic, Jáno Stanoslavlé and Slavko Ivkov.
Population and ethnic groups
Table 1
| 1910 | 4541 | Hungary | 73.31% | German | 11.94% | Bulgarians | 9.69% | Slovaks | 2.53% | Serbs | 1.26% |
| 1921 | 4195 | Hungary | 81.83% | Bulgarians | 10.27% | German | 7.34% | Serbs | 0.36% | Slovaks | 0.05% |
| 1948 | 4465 | Hungary | 84.46% | Bulgarians | 11.22% | Serbs | 3.18% | German | 0.70% | Slovaks | 0.05% |
| 1991 | 3213 | Hungary | 80.36% | Serbs | 9.40% | Yugoslavs | 3.36% | Bulgarians | 2.53% | German | 0.15% |
| 2002 | 2501 | Hungary | 86.71% | Serbs | 5.47% | Bulgarians | 2.99% | Yugoslavs | 1.04% | German | 0.07% |
Table 2
| year | 1869 | 1875 | 1880 | 1900 | 1910 | 1915 | 1921 | 1931 | 1936 |
| Residents | 396 | ND | 298 | 3399 | 4541 | 4486 | 4195 | 4099 | 4366 |
| households | ND | 265 | ND | 664 | 853 | ND | 847 | 927 | ND |
| year | 1939 | 1942 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2002 |
| Residents | 4271 | 4464 | 4465 | 4403 | 4306 | 4021 | 3731 | 3213 | 2501 |
| households | ND | 1020 | 1069 | 1105 | 1143 | 1119 | 1328 | 1086 | ND |
Graphics
| Development of the population | |||||||||||||||
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Origin of the Székely settlers
The names of the villages in Bucovina, from where the Székely settlers came, are (in Hungary with their Romanian equivalence): Istensegits (Rum .: Țibeni), Fogadjisten (Rum .: Iacobeşti), Hadikfalva (Rum .: Dorneşti), Józseffalva (Rum .: Vornicenii Mici) and Andrásfalva (Rum .: Măneuți). Today the villages belong to the Romanian district of Suceava ; the next largest towns are Rădăuți and Botoșani.
The Szeklers , who settled in Skorenovac, Ivanovo and Vojlovica , were originally from the village of Madéfalva (rum: Siculeni) in the district of Csik (Harghita), (Transylvania), today in Romania.
Famous villagers
Zoltán Dani , the ethnically Hungarian commander of a Serbian anti -aircraft battery who shot down a camouflaged United States Air Force F-117 Nighthawk , the only F-117 ever lost in combat.
Picture gallery
Illustration of the village
Image by Skorenovac
Detail from the main street in Skorenovac
DTD guided tour near Skorenovac
Saint Stephen King Catholic Church
Different pictures of traditional everyday life
Excerpt from a game on the old soccer field in the 1970s
kitchen
living room
Web links
- Székelykeve Wort - News on Hungary
- Székelys from Bukovina linkcenter
- Map of the Franzisko-Josephinische Landaufnahme with Gjurdjevo, southwest of Plošic (Pločica)
- 1880 census (Gyurgyevo municipality)
- Samu Borovszky: Temes vármegye (p. 94 and 95 Székelykeve and Gyorgyevóra)
credentials
- Gyula Szabadka: Skorenovac története , R. Oberlaender, Kovin 1936.
- Jovan Erdeljanović, Srbi u Banatu , Novi Sad 1992.
- Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine , Novi Sad 1996.
- Mgr. Erős Lajos, Adalékok a Zrenjanini-Nagybecskereki Egyházmegye történetéhez , 1993. (Additamenta ad historiam Diocesis Zrenjaninensis-Nagybecskerekensis)