Temes county

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Temes County
(Temesch)
(1910)
Coat of arms of Temes (Temesch)
Administrative headquarters : Temesvár
Area : 7,433 km²
Population : 500,835
Ethnic groups : 34% Romanians
33% Germans
16% Hungarians
14% Serbs
3% others (mainly chocolate cats , Bulgarians and gypsies )
Temes county
Counties 1881-1882
Map of Temes County around 1890

The Temes County (German and County Timis ; Hungarian Temes vármegye , Latin comitatus Temesiensis ) was a county (regional administrative unit) in the region Banat in the historic Kingdom of Hungary . It was in the north of what is now Serbia and in the south of what is now Romania.

geography

It stretched along the Marosch and Tisza rivers . In the west it bordered on Torontál County , in the north on Arad County , in the east on Krassó-Szörény County and in the south on Serbia . It covered about 7000 km² and had 396,045 inhabitants in 1881 (mostly Romanians and Serbs). It is almost completely flat, becomes on the northern border of the Marosch (German Mieresch, today Romanian Mureș ), in the interior of the Berzava (today Romanian Bârzava ), the Temesch , the Krassó (today Romanian Caraș ) and the Nera , on the southern border irrigated by the Danube . It has many swamps, a hot, partly unhealthy climate, but very fertile soil. Grains and fruits were obtained in abundance. Cattle, silkworms and beekeeping flourished. The Arad-Bazias and Szeged-Orsova railway lines cut through the county. The seat of the same is Temesvár (today Romanian Timișoara ). The milling industry was excellent (259 mills with an annual production of 1,644,000 quintals of flour).

history

Temes County was established in the 11th century. After the occupation by the Ottomans, the area came to the Eyalet Temeşvar in the 16th century , after the reconquest of the Banat in 1718, the area belonged to the Timisoara Banat . In 1778 it became part of the Kingdom of Hungary and the county was restored. Between 1849 and 1860 it was annexed to the Serbian Voivodeship and the Temesian Banat and then restored as a county.

After the end of the First World War in 1918, the Banat Republic was established in the area . However, this was divided in the Treaty of Trianon between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in the south and Romania in the north (the greater part). While the part of Yugoslavia is incorporated into Vojvodina , most of the former county is now in the Romanian Timiș County , a 10 km wide strip along the Mureș River is in the Romanian Arad County .

District subdivision

In the early 20th century, the county consisted of the following chair districts (named after the name of the administrative center):

Chair districts (járások)
Chair district Administrative headquarters
Buziasfürdő Buziasfürdő, today Buziaș
Csák Csák, today Ciacova
Detta Detta, today Deta
Fehértemplom Fehértemplom, today Bela Crkva
Kevevára Kevevára, today Kovin
Központ ("center") Temesvár, today Timișoara
Lippa Lippa, today Lipova
Temesrékas Temesrékas, today Recaș
Újarad Újarad, today Aradul Nou
Versec Versec, today Vršac
Vinga Vinga
City districts (törvényhatósági jogú városok)
Temesvár, today Timișoara
Versec, today Vršac
City district (rendezett tanácsú város)
Fehértemplom, today Bela Crkva

Except for the places Vršac , Bela Crkva and Kovin , which are in today's Serbia, all other places mentioned are in today's Romania .

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 12 ff.
  2. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 22 ff. (1910 census)