Sohl County

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Sohl County
(Zólyom)
(1910)
Coat of arms of Sohl (Zólyom)
Administrative headquarters : Besztercebánya
Area : 2,634 km²
Population : 133,653
Ethnic groups : 85% Slovaks
12% Magyars
2% Germans
1% others
Sohl County

The County Sohl (German also Sohler County ; Hungarian Zólyom vármegye , Latin comitatus Zoliensis , Slovak Zvolenska stolica / župa, Zvolenský County ) is the name of a historic administrative unit (County / County) of the Kingdom of Hungary . The area is in what is now central Slovakia .

The large county was characterized by mining. From today's perspective, “Sohl” means “Altsohl”, i.e. H. the city of Zvolen meant (the neighboring city of "Neusohl", i.e. Banská Bystrica , arose a little later).

location

Map of Zólyom County around 1890

Sohl County bordered Turz (Turóc) County in the northwest , Liptó County in the north, Gemer and Kleinhont County (Gömör és Kis-Hont) in the northeast, Neograd (Nógrád) County in the southeast , to the south to Hont county and to the west to Bars county . The area of ​​the county stretched along the central part of the river Gran , between Krupina (not part of the county) and Brezno (part of the county) and in 1910 had 133,653 inhabitants on an area of ​​2634 km².

Administrative offices

The administrative seat of the county was originally the so-called Pustý hrad ("desert castle", today a ruin near Zvolen), from the late 15th century then the Altsohl Castle and around 1760 the town of Banská Bystrica .

history

Sohl County emerged in the 12th century, when most of the area had been conquered by the Kingdom of Hungary , from a very large royal estate, the Sohl Dominium . Originally also the counties Arwa , Turz and Liptau belonged to this area ; these were only founded in the early 14th century.

In 1918 the area became part of the newly formed Czechoslovakia , which was confirmed under international law by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. There it existed as Zvolenská župa until 1928, but the area was expanded significantly in 1923 (roughly to the area of ​​today's Banskobystrický kraj ).

During the independence of Slovakia from 1939 to 1945, the Gran County (Slovak Pohronská župa ) was established in 1940 , which was roughly within the boundaries of the former county, and Banská Bystrica was set as the capital.

After the restoration of Czechoslovakia after the Second World War, the region was merged in 1949 together with the parts of Hont and Gemer that had remained with Slovakia to form the Banskobystrický kraj . After Czechoslovakia was dissolved again in 1993, the area became part of Slovakia .

The administrative area of ​​the county was incorporated chronologically as follows:

  • 1918–1928: Zvolenská župa ((Old) Sohler County), CS
  • 1928–1939: Slovenská krajina / zem (Slovak Land), CS
  • 1940–1945: Pohronská župa (Gran County), SK
  • 1945–1948: Slovenská krajina (Slovak Country), CS
  • 1949–1960: Banskobystrický kraj (Neusohler Landschaftsverband - not to be confused with today's), CS
  • 1960–1990: Stredoslovenský kraj (Central Slovak Regional Association), CS
  • since 1996: Banskobystrický kraj (Neusohler Landschaftsverband), SK

District subdivision

In the early 20th century the county consisted of the following chair districts (named after the name of the administrative center):

Chair districts (járás)
Chair district Administrative headquarters
Besztercebánya Besztercebánya, today Banská Bystrica
Breznóbánya Breznóbánya, today Brezno
Zólyom Zólyom, today Zvolen
Nagyszalatna Nagyszalatna, today Zvolenská Slatina
City districts (rendezett tanácsú városok)
Besztercebánya, today Banská Bystrica
Breznóbánya, today Brezno
Zólyom, today Zvolen

See also

literature

Web links

  • Entry in the Pallas Lexicon (Hungarian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 12 ff.
  2. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 22 ff. (1910 census)