Hunyad county

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Hunyad County
(Iron Market)
(1910)
Coat of arms of Hunyad (iron market)
Administrative headquarters : Déva
Area : 7.809 km²
Population : 350.135
Ethnic groups : 80% Romanians
15.5% Hungarians
2.5% Germans
0.5% Slovaks
1.5% others
Hunyad county

The county Hunyad [ huɲɒd ] (German rarely County Eisenmarkt ; Hungarian Hunyad vármegye , Latin comitatus Hunyadiensis , Romanian Comitatul Hunedoara ) was an administrative unit ( county , county ) of the Kingdom of Hungary . Today the area is in Transylvania in Romania .

Location and general

Map of Hunyad County around 1890

It bordered the counties of Arad , Torda-Aranyos , Lower Weissenburg (Alsó-Fehér) , Hermannstadt (Szeben) and Krassó-Szörény as well as the Kingdom of Romania to the south .

geography

The entire county is very mountainous due to its location in the southern Carpathians , in the south mountains rose up to almost 2500 meters ( Retezat Mountains ). Agriculture (grain, maize, fruit, wine) is only possible along the main river Marosch , which flows through the area alongside the Strell and Schil rivers , otherwise forestry and mining played an economic role.

history

Hunyad County was established in the 11th century and was mentioned as Hungnod in 1265 . It belonged to Transylvania , the easternmost part of the Kingdom of Hungary. The main seat of the county was Hunyad Castle , later the town of Deva became the administrative seat. After the occupation of Central Hungary by the Ottomans, the area became part of the Principality of Transylvania in the 16th century , and in 1711 it came with Transylvania, which was raised to the Grand Duchy in 1765 under Habsburg suzerainty. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise , the county became part of the Kingdom of Hungary again in 1867 . During the county reform of 1876 it was merged with the Zaránd county and thus received new borders.

After the end of the First World War in 1918, the area became part of Greater Romania as a result of the Treaty of Trianon and is today in the Hunedoara district except for a narrow strip in the west that belongs to the Arad district .

District subdivision

In the early 20th century, the county consisted of the following chair districts (named after the name of the administrative center):

Chair districts (járások)
Chair district Administrative headquarters
Algyógy Algyógyalfalu, today Geoagiu
Brád Brád, today Brad
Déva Déva, today Deva
Hátszeg Hátszeg, today Hațeg
Kőrösbánya Kőrösbánya, today Baia de Criș
Marosillye Marosillye, today Ilia
Petrozsény Petrozsény, today Petroșani
Puj Puj, today Pui
Szászváros Szászváros, today Orăştie
Vajdahunyad Vajdahunyad, today Hunedoara
City districts (rendezett tanácsú városok)
Déva, today Deva
Hátszeg, today Hațeg
Szászváros, today Orăştie
Vajdahunyad, today Hunedoara

All places are in today's Romania .

See also

literature

Web links

  • Entry in the Pallas Lexicon (Hungarian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 12 ff.
  2. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 22 ff. (1910 census)