Bihar county

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Bihar County
(1910)
Bihar coat of arms
Administrative headquarters : Nagyvárad
Area : 10,657 km²
Population : 646.301
Ethnic groups : 57% Hungarians
41% Romanians
1% Slovaks
0.5% Germans
0.5% others
Bihar county

The Bihar County ( Hungarian vármegye Bihar , Latin Comitatus Bihariensis , Romanian Comitatul Bihor ) was an administrative unit ( county or county ) of the Kingdom of Hungary . Today the smaller part is in Hungary (in today's Hajdú-Bihar and Békés counties ), the larger part in Romania (in Bihor County ).

Location and general

Map of Bihar County around 1890

It bordered on the counties of Békés , Hajdú , Szabolcs , Sathmar ( Szatmár ), Szilágy , Klausenburg ( Kolozs ), Torda-Aranyos and Arad .

Bihar County (sometimes also called Biharország in Hungarian ) used to be the largest county in the Transtisian District ( tiszántúli kerület - "District across the Tisza") of Royal Hungary . It covered an area of ​​10,611 km² (excluding the city of Oradea). The relief of the county was very different: In the east the West Transylvanian Mountains dominated, in the west the Great Hungarian Lowlands . The county formed the majority of the so-called Crișana ( Körösvidék ), as two screech rivers flowed through its area : the Crişul Repede (Rapid Screech) and the Crișul Negru (Black Screech). The area was so large that it was divided into several ethnographic areas (Érmellék, Bihari Mezőség, Rézalja, Sárrét, etc.). Another main river in the area was the Berettyó ( Barcău in Romanian ).

The 1910 census showed a population of 646,301 people. These included 365,642 (57%) Hungarians, 265,098 (41%) Romanians, 3,599 (0.5%) Germans and 8,457 (1%) Slovaks. The Hungarians lived mainly in the plains of the county (which is still largely in Hungary today), the Romanians in the mountains, the Germans in the cities and the Slovaks around the places Suplacu de Barcău (Berettyószéplak) and Șinteu (Sólyomkővár) . 249,613 people identified themselves as Calvinists, 233,159 as Orthodox, 68,019 as Catholics (Roman), 57,488 as Uniate Catholics and 32,462 as Israelites.

Bihar County, 1782–85

District subdivision

In the early 20th century, the county consisted of the following chair districts (named after the name of the administrative center):

Chair districts (járások)
Chair district Administrative headquarters
Bél Bél, today Beliu
Belényes Belényes, today Beiuș
Berettyóújfalu Berettyóújfalu
Biharkeresztes Biharkeresztes
Cséffa Cséffa, today Cefa
Derecske Derecske
Élesd Élesd, today Aleșd
Érmihályfalva Érmihályfalva, today Valea lui Mihai
Központ Nagyvárad, today Oradea
Magyarcséke Magyarcséke, today Ceika
Margitta Margitta, now Marghita
Nagyszalonta Nagyszalonta, today Salonta
Sárrét Biharnagybajom
Szalárd Szalárd, today Sălard
Székelyhid Székelyhid, today Săcueni
Tenke Tenke, today Tinca
Vaskoh Vaskoh, today Vașcău
City district (rendezett tanácsú város)
Nagyvárad, today Oradea

The places Berettyóújfalu , Biharkeresztes , Derecske and Biharnagybajom are in today's Hungary , the remaining places in Romania .

See also

literature

Web links

  • Entry in the Pallas Lexicon (Hungarian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 12 ff.
  2. ↑ A magyar szent corona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása . Budapest 1912, p. 22 ff. (1910 census)