Aleșd
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Aleşd Élesd |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Screeching area | ||||
| Circle : | Bihor | ||||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 4 ' N , 22 ° 24' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 233 m | ||||
| Area : | 71.95 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 10,066 (October 20, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 140 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 415100 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 59 | ||||
| License plate : | bra | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Structure : | 3 districts / cadastral communities: Peștiș , Pădurea-Neagră , Tinăud | ||||
| Mayor : | Ioan Coloman Todoca ( PNL ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Str. Bobâlna, no. 3 loc. Aleșd, jud. Bihor, RO-415100 |
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| Website : | |||||
| Others | |||||
| City Festival : | August | ||||
Aleșd ( , Hungarian Élesd ) is a city in Bihor County in Romania .
location
Aleșd is located in the Kreisch area in the north of the Apuseni Mountains , on the right bank of the river Crișul Repede (German Rapid Screech ). The district capital Oradea is located about 35 km to the west.
history
Aleşd was probably founded in the 11th century and was first mentioned in 1291 under the name Villa Elusd . At that time it belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary . The place was originally on the left bank of the Schnellen Kreisch, before the residents moved to a terrace on the other bank of the river after severe flooding in the 13th century. After the Mongol storm of 1241/42, a castle (Hungarian Sólyomkő vára , German Falkenstein , Roman Piatra Șoimului ) was built about 5 km north of Aleşd . It was first mentioned in 1306 and developed into the center of a feudal rule, to which Aleșd also belonged. From 1658 to 1660 it and with it Aleşd was ruled by Constantin Șerban Basarab , the former prince of Wallachia , from 1660 to 1692 by the Ottomans , otherwise by various Hungarian noble families. At the end of the 17th century, Aleșd became part of Austria-Hungary . After the Kuruzenkrieg , the castle was destroyed in 1711 by order of the Habsburg rulers. After 1867 the place was the seat of a chair district in the Hungarian county of Bihar . In 1904 there was an uprising by Hungarian and Romanian peasants in Aleşd, which was brutally suppressed. At the end of the First World War , Aleșd became part of Romania, and was then again part of Hungary from 1940 to 1944 as a result of the Second Vienna Arbitration . In 1968 the place was declared a city.
The upheaval after the 1989 revolution led to pronounced economic problems, so that in 1999 Aleșd was declared a "disadvantaged zone" by the Romanian Chamber of Deputies .
population
In 1880, 3683 people lived in the area of today's city, Romanians and Hungarians roughly in the same number. 1400 people (mainly Hungarians) lived in Aleşd, the rest (mostly Romanians) in the three towns that are now incorporated. In 1930, of the 4,544 inhabitants at the time, 2,065 identified themselves as Romanians, 1789 as Hungarians, 347 as Jews , 313 as Slovaks , 15 as Germans and 13 as Roma . In 1956 the number of Jews had dropped to 65. In the 2002 census, 10,415 inhabitants were registered in Aleşd, including 7387 in the city proper and 3028 in the incorporated places. 6788 were Romanians, in 1987 Hungarians, 953 Roma, 645 Slovaks and 28 Germans.
Partnerships
traffic
Aleșd lies on the important Oradea – Cluj-Napoca railway line . Express trains also stop at the city's train station - which is on the other side of the Schnell Kreisch. The European route 60 runs through Aleșd .
Attractions
- Romanian Orthodox Church in the Tinăud district , 17th century
- Romanian Orthodox wooden church in the Peștiș district , 18th century
- Castle ruin Piatra Șoimului in the district of Peştiş, 13th century
- Castle Poiana Florilor , 19th century
- Memorial to the peasant uprising in 1904
- Aleșdana summer market in August
Sports
The local football club Crişul Aleşd played from 1997 to 2002 in the third-highest division, the Divizia C . Before the start of the 2002/03 season, the club withdrew to Divizia D , where he was coached by Zsolt Muzsnay until the summer of 2003 . Subsequently, the team was from summer 2003 to summer 2004 by Sorin Pop, from summer 2004 to summer 2007 and from summer 2008 to the end of 2009 by Mircea Madar, and from August 2007 to summer 2008 (as player-coach and with Mircea Madar as technical director) and trained by Viorel Domocoș from February 2010 until his resignation in November 2011 . Since November 2011, Ciprian Fogoroși has been the head coach of the team that still competes in League IV in the Bihor County relay.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ www.crisulrepede.ro, accessed on January 18, 2009 ( Memento from February 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Enciclopedia României, accessed January 18, 2009
- ^ Website of the Romanian House of Representatives, accessed on January 18, 2009
- ↑ 2002 census, accessed on January 18, 2009 (PDF; 1.1 MB)
- ↑ Romania 2002/03 (English)
- ↑ Crișana from August 10, 2007 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on January 13, 2012 (Romanian)
- ↑ Viorel Domocoş a preluat Crişul Aleşd ( Memento of July 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on January 13, 2012 (Romanian)
- ↑ Bihor Online of November 21, 2011 , accessed January 13, 2012 (Romanian)
