Recaș
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Recaș Rekasch Temesrékás Rekaš / Рекаш |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 48 ' N , 21 ° 31' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 106 m | ||||
| Area : | 229.88 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 8,336 (October 20, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 36 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 307340 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Structure : | Recaș, Bazoș , Herneacova , Izvin , Nadăș , Petrovaselo , Stanciova | ||||
| Mayor : | Teodor Pavel ( PSD ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Calea Timișoarei, no. 86 loc. Recaș, jud. Timiș, RO-307340 |
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| Website : | |||||
Recaș ( German Rekasch , Hungarian Temesrékás , Serbo-Croatian Rekaš / Рекаш ) is a town in Timiș County , Banat , Romania .
Geographical location
Recaș is located in the Banat hills , on the right Begaufer . The district capital Timișoara is located about 25 km southwest, and Timișoara Airport is 20 km away.
Neighboring communities
| Pișchia | Bogda | Brestovăț |
| Remetea Mare |
.svg)
|
Topolovățu Mare |
| Moșnița Noua | Chevereșu Mare | Racovița |
history
Recaș was first documented at the beginning of the 14th century under the name Rygachteluke ; There are various details about the exact year. At that time the place belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary . The first inhabitants were probably Slavs . Later, Vlachs and Hungary added. Recaș was initially owned by various Hungarian noble families. In 1470 it received the status of a market town and had the character of a town. A fortress probably existed at that time. In 1514 the local landowners fled the peasant uprising under György Dózsa to Temesvar . Presumably in 1551 Recaş was conquered by the Turks . After that, the place was almost completely depopulated. Chocolate cats settled in around 1650 . In 1718, through the Peace of Passarowitz, the Banat and with it Recaș came to Austria-Hungary . From 1724, at the instigation of the governor Claudius Florimund Mercy , a large number of Germans were settled in Recaș; the majority of them came from southern and western Germany. They shaped the place for about 200 years and made up the absolute majority of the villagers until about 1900. Many of them emigrated to America at the beginning of the 20th century . In the Treaty of Trianon 1920 Recaş became part of Romania. After the Second World War, the number of German residents continued to decrease due to flight and emigration to Germany; In return, many Romanians immigrated from other parts of the country.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. From 1949 the collectivization of agriculture was gradually initiated. Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
In 2004 Recaş was named a city.
economy
The most important branches of the economy are agriculture , in particular viticulture , horse breeding and the food industry .
Recaș is mainly known for its quality wines at home and abroad. The local wine-growing area is the largest wine-growing area in the Banat. The wine cellars are equipped with the latest technology and have a capacity of 7 million liters of wine. The wine-growing area around Recaș has a centuries-old tradition. The wines comply with European quality standards and can compete with the great winemakers in the world. The wine-growing area has an area of 700 hectares, 150 hectares of which are cultivated with table grapes and 550 hectares with grapes. The wines have received over 100 gold and silver medals in domestic and foreign competitions and are exported worldwide, for example to the USA, Canada, Australia, Germany, Austria, England, France and Spain.
The village of Izvin, which belongs to the city of Recaș, is known for its paddock. The horse breeding from Izvin has 350 pure-bred horses, mainly of the Nonius breed . The largest trotting track in Romania is located in Timisoara. The racehorses come from the Izvin breed.
population
In 1880, 10,332 inhabitants were registered in the area of today's city, including 3769 Romanians, 3759 Serbs (including Schokatzen), 2109 Germans, 568 Hungarians and 101 Slovaks . As early as 1910, the maximum population was registered at 13,237, which then tended to decline again. At the 2002 census there were 8,560 people in the city, including 6,514 Romanians , 936 Hungarians, 581 Serbs, 253 Roma, 119 Croatians , 116 Germans, 21 Ukrainians and 17 Slovaks. Of these, 4955 people lived in the city proper, 3605 in the six incorporated towns.
| census | Ethnicity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | Romanians | Hungary | German | Serbo - Croat | |||
| 1880 | 10,332 | 3769 | 568 | 2109 | 3886 | |||
| 1910 | 13,237 | 4765 | 3105 | 2232 | 3135 | |||
| 1930 | 11,684 | 4653 | 2419 | 1846 | 2766 | |||
| 1977 | 10,928 | 6562 | 1580 | 923 | 1863 | |||
| 2002 | 8560 | 6514 | 936 | 116 | 994 | |||
| 2011 | 8336 | 6423 | 635 | 65 | 356 | |||
traffic
Recaș is located on a branch line from Lugoj to Timișoara. At present (2009) around eight local trains run each day in both directions. There are also bus connections to Timișoara. Europastraße 70 runs through the city .
Attractions
- historical Museum
See also
literature
- Franz Heuer: Memories of Rekasch . 1993
- Franz Bertram, Edith Heuer, Elisabeth Stricker: Family book of the German families from Rekasch 1740–2002 . 2003
- Josef Stitzl: From the past and the present of the large community of Rekasch. 1924
- Ernest Szakolczay: The History of Rekasch . 1872
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf: The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- rekasch.de , Rekasch history. The story of a Banat town.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
- ↑ rekasch.de , location
- ↑ Banat News, accessed on February 15, 2009 ( Memento from January 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b kulturraum-banat.de , Rekasch
- ↑ 2002 census, accessed February 15, 2009
- ↑ kia.hu , (PDF; 982 kB) E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnic group in the Timiș district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002
