Pișchia

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Pișchia
Bruckenau
Hidasliget
Pișchia does not have a coat of arms
Pișchia (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Coordinates : 45 ° 54 '  N , 21 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 54 '15 "  N , 21 ° 20' 24"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 112  m
Area : 123.6  km²
Residents : 3,051 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 25 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 307325
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Pișchia, Bencecu de Jos , Bencecu de Sus , Murani , Sălciua Nouă
Mayor : Ioan Sas ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 261
loc. Pișchia, jud. Timiș, RO-307325
Website :
Location of Pișchia in Timiș County
Pișchia on the Josephine land survey (1769–1772)

Pişchia [ 'piʃkia ] ( German  Bruckenau , Hungarian Hidasliget ) is located in the Timiş district , in the Banat region , in southwest Romania , 20 km northeast of the district capital Timişoara ( Timisoara ), on the Timişoara– Lipova ( Lippa ) road.

Neighboring places

Orțișoara Firiteaz Fibiș
Carani Neighboring communities Brestovăț
Sânandrei Giarmata Ianova

history

The place was first mentioned in 1332 under the name Pisky .

Archaeological finds

Not far from Pișchia, two earth walls can still be seen today. According to a scientific study by the historian Florin Medeleț and the archaeologist Vasile Ianosev in 1976, it was clear that it was a Romanesque wall, consisting of three walls running parallel to each other and four ditches between them, those of the pre-Romanesque period and the period of the Great Migration (3rd – 4th century AD) are to be assigned. Likewise, numerous archaeological finds from the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages were found near Pișchia. These items are in the Banat National Museum in Timisoara .

Settlement of the Germans

The first Germans were settled in 1724 during the First Swabian Train. They came from Trier , Alsace and Lorraine and named the place Bruckenau after the name Bruck an der Au brought from their old homeland . A second wave of colonization with German colonists took place in 1759–1763. In a decree of May 13, 1767, each colonist was assigned 24 yokes for agriculture and 6 yokes for meadows.

Cultural life

On June 18, 1766, the ordinance came that every village should have a pastor and a teacher, and two villages should have a surgeon. The parish of Bruckenau was founded in 1759. Before that, Bruckenau was a branch of the parish fair ( Giarmata ). The first Catholic pastor was the priest Theissenfeld (1725). The Roman Catholic Church was built in 1776 and renovated in 1922. The Greek Orthodox parish was founded in 1929. The mass took place in a chapel. 1988–1990 the Orthodox Church was built.

The school in Pișchia operated continuously, initially in German, then in Hungarian and again in German, and from 1940 also in Romanian . Since 1990, lessons have only been held in Romanian, as there are no longer any German children.

Place names

Pișchia had different names during its history:

  • In the oldest documents from the 14th and 15th centuries, the place was mentioned under the name Pisky .
  • After the settlement with Germans, the official name was Bruckenau (1724-1910 and 1920-1926).
  • In the period 1911-1920 the place was officially called Hidasliget .
  • Since 1926 the official name is Pișchia .

Consequences of war

On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Bruckenau also belonged, fell to Romania.

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work . The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods.

Residents

Development of the ethnic groups
year total Romanians Hungary German Others
1880 5079 1826 98 2926 229
1910 5315 2216 218 2847 34
1977 3956 2616 130 1052 158
2002 3006 2911 46 14th 35
2011 3051 2768 39 8th 236 (106 Roma )

See also

literature

  • Bruckenau, a Banat hedge community on the Bergsau.
  • Martin and Edith Schmid: Family book (Ortssippenbuch) of the Catholic community Bruckenau in the Banat 1760–1852 .
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe Munich, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)