Carani

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Carani
Mercydorf
Mercyfalva
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Carani (Romania)
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Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Municipality : Sânandrei
Coordinates : 45 ° 55 '  N , 21 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 54 '38 "  N , 21 ° 9' 51"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 95  m
Residents : 1,794 (2002)
Postal code : 307376
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2012)
Community type : Village
Mayor : Claudiu Florin Coman ( USL )
Location of Carani in Timiș County
Mercy Castle
Village view

Carani ( Eng . Mercydorf , Hungarian Merczyfalva or Mercyfalva ) is a village in Timiș County , Romania and belongs to the municipality of Sânandrei .

location

Carani is located 18 km north of Timișoara on the DJ 692 road and 3 km east of the European route 671 . Carani is connected to the railway network via the Băile Călacea station on the eastern edge of Carani and is on the Timișoara – Arad railway line . The village is administered by the municipality of Sânandrei. It owes its name to the Caran river, which crosses it.

Neighboring places

Satchinez Călacea Orțișoara
Hodoni Neighboring communities Corneşti
Dudeștii Noi Sânandrei Cerneteaz

history

After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718 the colonization of the Banat by the Habsburg monarchy began . The village was founded in 1733 by the settlement of Italian colonists. It owes the name Mercydorf, which was given to it when it was founded, to the first president of the Banat regional administration, Count Claudius Florimund Mercy, who was responsible for carrying out the Habsburg settlement. The Italians who were settled here were silk worm breeders and were supposed to introduce silk worm breeding in the Banat. They came with their priest, Clemens Rossi, who was not only the first pastor of the parish founded in 1734, but who also taught the children of the settlement in Italian . In 1752 and 1770 French from Alsace and Lorraine settled in Mercydorf. So the colloquial language became predominantly French . After the village was expanded to include Germans from Lorraine in 1763 , the church preached in three languages. But gradually the German element prevailed in the mixed population and Mercydorf turned into a German village towards the end of the 18th century.

As a result of the Austro-Hungarian settlement in February 1867, the Banat came under Hungarian administration internally . A huge wave of Magyarization began, which peaked at the beginning of the 20th century. The place received the official name Mercyfalva.

On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Mercydorf also belonged, fell to the Kingdom of Romania . In 1923 the place received the official name Carani.

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.

Personalities

Touristic attractions

  • Castle of Count Mercy (1733–1734)
  • Roman Catholic Church (1734)

Residents

Ethnic structure
year Residents Romanians German Hungary Others
1880 1,986 36 1,815 32 103
1900 1,839 50 1,720 67 2
1910 1,491 91 1,304 86 10
1941 1,545 260 1,202 78 5
1977 1.991 1,191 690 87 23
1992 1,695 1,425 134 68 68
2002 1,794 1,624 63 52 55

See also

literature

  • Gustav Bobik: Speech to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the parish and Roman Catholic pastoral care Mercyfalva . Temeschburg 1884.
  • Peter Schiff: Mercydorf 1734–1934 . Contributions to the history of the Mercydorf community. Temeschburg 1934.
  • Anton Peter Petri: Mercydorf, The settler families and their origins . Homburg 1980 (Donauschwäbisches Kulturwerk Saarland).
  • Lorenz Klugesherz, Erich Lammert: Mercydorf . Stockach-Hindelwangen 1987.
  • Karl Benz, Edgar Aldag: Family book of the Catholic parish Mercydorf in the Banat 1737 / 1734-1832 / 1843 . Part 1. Working Group of Danube Swabian Family Researchers (AKdFF), Sindelfingen 2010.
  • Edgar Aldag: Family book of the Roman Catholic parish of Mercydorf in the Banat 1734–1843 . (CD-ROM) Country team of the Banater Schwaben-KV, Mannheim 2010.
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf (journalist, 1947) Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
  • Karl Benz, Edgar Aldag: Family book of the Catholic parish Mercydorf in the Banat 1843-1990 . Part 2. 2 volumes. Working Group of Danube Swabian Family Researchers (AKdFF), Sindelfingen 2015.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.dvhh.org/alexanderhausen/literature/poetry.htm
  2. ^ Banater Post , Walter Tonța: Basic building blocks for a cultural history of the Banat , October 7, 2012
  3. ↑ monumenteuitate.blogspot.de , Castle of Count Mercy - Carani
  4. ↑ Mercydorf , Banat places of worship by Heinz Vogel